@article {13350, title = {Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, dementia, and memory performance among Caribbean Hispanic versus US populations.}, journal = {Alzheimers Dement}, volume = {19}, year = {2023}, pages = {602-610}, abstract = {

INTRODUCTION: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is considered the major susceptibility gene for developing Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease. However, the strength of this risk factor is not well established across diverse Hispanic populations.

METHODS: We investigated the associations among APOE genotype, dementia prevalence, and memory performance (immediate and delayed recall scores) in Caribbean Hispanics (CH), African Americans (AA), Hispanic Americans (HA) and non-Hispanic White Americans (NHW). Multivariable logistic regressions and negative binomial regressions were used to examine these associations by subsample.

RESULTS: Our final dataset included 13,516 participants (5198 men, 8318 women) across all subsamples, with a mean age of 74.8 years. Prevalence of APOE ε4 allele was similar in CHs, HAs, and NHWs (21.8\%-25.4\%), but was substantially higher in AAs (33.6\%; P~<~0.001). APOE ε4 carriers had higher dementia prevalence across all groups.

DISCUSSION: APOE ε4 was similarly associated with increased relative risk of dementia and lower memory performance in all subsamples.

}, keywords = {Aged, Alleles, Alzheimer disease, Apolipoprotein E4, Apolipoproteins E, Caribbean Region, Female, Genotype, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male}, issn = {1552-5279}, doi = {10.1002/alz.12699}, author = {Llibre-Guerra, Jorge J and Li, Jing and Qian, Yuting and Llibre-Rodriguez, Juan de Jes{\'u}s and Jim{\'e}nez-Vel{\'a}zquez, Ivonne Z and Acosta, Daisy and Salas, Aquiles and Llibre-Guerra, Juan Carlos and Valvuerdi, Adolfo and Harrati, Amal and Weiss, Jordan and Liu, Mao-Mei and Dow, William H} } @article {11426, title = {Cognitive Impairment and Prevalence of Memory-Related Diagnoses among U.S. Older Adults}, number = {No 777}, year = {2021}, institution = { Global Labor Organization}, address = {Essen, Germany}, abstract = {Cognitive impairment creates significant challenges to health and well-being of the fast-growing aging population. Early recognition of cognitive impairment may confer important advantages, allowing for diagnosis and appropriate treatment, education, psychosocial support, and improved decision-making regarding life planning, health care, and financial matters. Yet the prevalence of memory-related diagnoses among older adults with early symptoms of cognitive impairment is unknown. Using 2000-2014 Health and Retirement Survey - Medicare linked data, we leveraged within-individual variation in a longitudinal cohort design to examine the relationship between incident cognitive impairment and receipt of diagnosis among American older adults. Receipt of a memory-related diagnosis was determined by ICD-9-CM codes. Incident cognitive impairment was assessed using the modified Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status (TICS). We found overall low prevalence of early memory-related diagnosis, or high rate of underdiagnosis, among older adults showing symptoms of cognitive impairment, especially among non-whites and socioeconomically disadvantaged subgroups. Our findings call for targeted interventions to improve the rate of early diagnosis, especially among vulnerable populations. }, keywords = {cognitive aging, cognitive impairment, Dementia, Medicare, memory-related diagnosis}, url = {https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/229436/1/GLO-DP-0777.pdf}, author = {Qian, Yuting and Chen, Xi and Tang, Diwen and Amy Kelley and Li, Jing} }