@article {Barnes2019,
	title = {The propensity for aggressive behavior and lifetime incarceration risk: A test for gene-environment interaction (G {\texttimes} E) using whole-genome data},
	journal = {Aggression and Violent Behavior},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2019},
	note = {cited By 0},
	abstract = {Incarceration is a disruptive event that is experienced by a considerable proportion of the United States population. Research has identified social factors that predict incarceration risk, but scholars have called for a focus on the ways that individual differences combine with social factors to affect incarceration risk. Our study is an initial attempt to heed this call using whole-genome data. We use data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (N = 6716) to construct a genome-wide measure of genetic propensity for aggressive behavior and use it to predict lifetime incarceration risk. We find that participants with a higher genetic propensity for aggression are more likely to experience incarceration, but the effect is stronger for males than females. Importantly, we identify a gene-environment interaction (G {\texttimes} E){\textemdash}genetic propensity is reduced, substantively and statistically, to a non-significant predictor for males raised in homes where at least one parent graduated high school. We close by placing these findings in the broader context of concerns that have been raised about genetics research in criminology. {\textcopyright} 2019},
	keywords = {Adult, aggression, controlled study, criminology, Female, genetic association, genetic risk score, genetic susceptibility, genotype environment interaction, high school, human, major clinical study, Male, mental capacity, Retirement, review},
	issn = {13591789},
	doi = {10.1016/j.avb.2019.07.002},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359178919300631},
	author = {Barnes, J.C. and Hexuan Liu and Motz, R.T. and Tanksley, P.T. and Kail, R. and Beckley, A.L. and Daniel W. Belsky and Benjamin W Domingue and Terrie E Moffitt and Pratt, T.C. and Wertz, J.}
}
@article {8603,
	title = {Genetics in population health science: strategies and opportunities.},
	journal = {Am J Public Health},
	volume = {103 Suppl 1},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013 Oct},
	pages = {S73-83},
	abstract = {<p>Translational research is needed to leverage discoveries from the frontiers of genome science to improve public health. So far, public health researchers have largely ignored genetic discoveries, and geneticists have ignored important aspects of population health science. This mutual neglect should end. In this article, we discuss 3 areas where public health researchers can help to advance translation: (1) risk assessment: investigate genetic profiles as components in composite risk assessments; (2) targeted intervention: conduct life-course longitudinal studies to understand when genetic risks manifest in development and whether intervention during sensitive periods can have lasting effects; and (3) improved understanding of environmental causation: collaborate with geneticists on gene-environment interaction research. We illustrate with examples from our own research on obesity and smoking. </p>},
	keywords = {Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Engineering, Genetic Research, Humans, Obesity, Public Health, Risk Assessment, Smoking, Translational Medical Research},
	issn = {1541-0048},
	doi = {10.2105/AJPH.2012.301139},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3786748/},
	author = {Daniel W. Belsky and Terrie E Moffitt and Caspi, Avshalom}
}
