@article {10688,
	title = {The Effect of Physical and Cognitive Impairments on Caregiving},
	journal = {Medical Care},
	volume = {58},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {601-609},
	type = {Journal},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Many older adults receive caregiving; however, less is known about how a change in a care recipient{\textquoteright}s functional activity limitations [instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and basic activities of daily living (ADL)] as well as their cognitive impairment influence the amount of caregiving received. METHODS: Using the Health and Retirement Study (2002-2014) we identified community-dwelling respondents with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD; n=674), cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND; n=530), and no cognitive impairment (n=6126). We estimated a series of two-part regression models to identify the association between care recipients{\textquoteright} level of cognitive impairment, change in total number of IADL/ADL limitations and amount of caregiving received. RESULTS: Persons with ADRD received 235.8 (SD=265.6) monthly hours of care compared with 26.0 (SD=92.6) and 6.0 (SD=40.7) for persons with CIND and no cognitive impairment, respectively. An increase in one IADL/ADL limitation resulted in persons with ADRD and CIND receiving 4.90 (95\% confidence interval: 3.40-6.39) and 1.43 (95\% confidence interval: 0.17-2.69) more hours of caregiving than persons with no cognitive impairment. Increases in total IADL/ADL limitations were associated with persons with ADRD, but not CIND, receiving more days of caregiving and having more caregivers than persons with no cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with persons with no cognitive impairment, increases in IADL/ADL limitations disproportionally increases the caregiving received for persons with ADRD. Policies and programs must pay attention to functional impairments among those living with ADRD.},
	keywords = {Alzheimer disease, cognitive impairment, Dementia},
	isbn = {0025-7079},
	doi = {10.1097/mlr.0000000000001323 },
	author = {Jutkowitz, Eric and Gozalo, Pedro and Amal Trivedi and Lauren L Mitchell and Joseph E Gaugler}
}
@article {10854,
	title = {Family caregiving in the community up to 8-years after onset of dementia},
	journal = {BMC Geriatrics},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2020},
	abstract = {Background
Persons with Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease and related dementias (ADRD) receive care from family/friends, but how care changes from the onset of dementia remains less understood.

Methods
We used the Health and Retirement Study (2002{\textendash}2012) to identify community-dwelling individuals predicted to have incident ADRD. We investigated the amount of caregiving received for activities of daily living in the 8-years after disease onset.

Results
At incidence (n = 1158), persons with ADRD received 151 h (SD = 231) of caregiving a month, 25 (SD = 26) caregiving days a month and had 1.3 (SD = 1.4) caregivers a month. By 8-years post incidence, 187 (16\%) individuals transitioned to a nursing home and 662 (57\%) died in the community. Community-dwelling persons with ADRD at 8-years post incidence (n = 30) received 283 h (SD = 257) of caregiving, 38 (SD = 24) caregiving days, and had 2.2 (SD = 1.3) caregivers.

Conclusions
Community-dwelling persons with ADRD receive a substantial amount of caregiving over the first 8-years after disease onset.},
	keywords = {Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease and related dementias, Community based long-term care, Health Services, Public Health},
	isbn = {1471-2318},
	doi = {10.1186/s12877-020-01613-9},
	author = {Jutkowitz, Eric and Joseph E Gaugler and Amal Trivedi and Lauren L Mitchell and Gozalo, Pedro}
}
@article {8130,
	title = {Diabetes diagnosis and exercise initiation among older Americans},
	journal = {Preventive Medicine},
	volume = {65},
	year = {2014},
	note = {Export Date: 6 August 2014},
	pages = {128-132},
	publisher = {65},
	abstract = {Objective: To determine whether exercise participation increased following a new diagnosis of diabetes using a sample of U.S. individuals aged 50 and over who did not report exercise prior to diagnosis. Methods: We used data from the 2004-2010 Health and Retirement Study in a pre-post study design. Individuals newly-diagnosed with diabetes (N. = 635) were propensity score matched to a comparison group with no diabetes. Results: In the year following a reported diagnosis, 35.7  (95  confidence interval 32.0 to 39.5) of those newly diagnosed with diabetes initiated exercise as compared with 31.4  (95  confidence interval 27.9 to 35.1) for the matched cohort with no diabetes, with a between-group difference of 4.3 percentage points (95  confidence interval -0.9 to 9.4). Among individuals with fewer health risk factors at baseline, the between-group difference was 15.6 percentage points (95  confidence interval 1.58 to 29.5). Conclusion: Over 35  of persons with a new diagnosis of diabetes initiated moderate or vigorous exercise in the year following their diagnosis. Among individuals with fewer health risk factors at baseline, those newly-diagnosed with diabetes were more likely to begin exercise than those without diabetes.   2014 Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {Demographics, Health Conditions and Status, Healthcare},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.05.001},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84901829825andpartnerID=40andmd5=4961de60a077ce36676e9d5c53632ed9},
	author = {Leigh Ann Leung and Shailender Swaminathan and Amal Trivedi}
}
