@article {10042, title = {Patterns of social engagement among older adults with mild cognitive impairment.}, journal = {The Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences \& Social Sciences}, volume = {75}, year = {2020}, pages = {1361-1371}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVES: Promoting engagement in social activities may be an intervention that prevents or delays cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, little is known about social engagement among people with mild cognitive impairment. We aim to examine patterns of social engagement among people with mild cognitive impairment and to assess whether factors under four domains of the WHO{\textquoteright}s ICF model (personal factors, environmental factors, body functions and structure, and health condition) associate with different patterns of social engagement.

METHOD: Data were drawn from the 2010 Health and Retirement Study. The final sample comprised 1,227 people with Cognitive Impairment No Dementia (CIND). Latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression were utilized.

RESULTS: Three patterns of social engagement were identified: informal social engagement only, formal and informal social engagement, and low social engagement. Factors in each of the four ICF model domains were associated with the probability of class membership.

DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that social engagement is heterogeneous among people with CIND and that some groups of people with CIND have possibilities of engaging in more social activities, especially in formal social activities. Results also indicate that providing informal social resources may be essential for social programs designed specifically for people with CIND to promote their formal social engagement. Future study is needed to examine possible differences in outcomes across groups with similar patterns of social engagement.

}, keywords = {CIND, Cognition \& Reasoning, Health Conditions and Status, Social Support}, issn = {1758-5368}, doi = {10.1093/geronb/gbz051}, author = {Amano, Takashi and Morrow-Howell, Nancy and So Jung Park} } @article {10446, title = {PATTERNS OF WEALTH TRAJECTORY IN LATER LIFE: CRITICAL PERIOD, ACCUMULATION, AND SOCIAL MOBILITY MODELS}, journal = {Innovation in Aging}, volume = {3}, year = {2019}, month = {2019/11/08}, pages = {S382 - S382}, abstract = {Wealth, an important financial cushion for older adults to buffer economic stress, requires a longer time to accumulate and develop in one{\textquoteright}s course of life. However, little is known about the trajectories of wealth in later life, and how the life course socioeconomic status (SES) may contribute to the development of wealth at old-age. This study investigated longitudinal patterns of wealth trajectory and whether SES across the life course affects these trajectories using critical period, accumulation, and social mobility models. Using data from 16,189 adults aged 51 and older from the 2004-2014 Health and Retirement Study, a growth mixture model was used to explore distinct wealth trajectories. Impacts of life course models were studied using multinomial logistic regression. Results showed that four heterogeneous latent classes of wealth were identified: Stable high (reference group), Low and increasing, Stable low, and High but decline. Disadvantaged adulthood SES, accumulated exposure to socioeconomic risks, and downward or persistent socioeconomic disadvantage over the life course were associated with Stable low, Low and increasing, and High but decline, supporting all three life course mechanisms on wealth development in later life. Evidence suggests that wealth development is heterogeneous across individuals, and a strong gradient effect of life-course SES on wealth trajectories are clearly observed. Programs and policies should address the effects of life course on wealth development to strengthen the economic well-being in later life.}, keywords = {modeling, social mobility, Wealth, wealth trajectory}, isbn = {2399-5300}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6840301/}, author = {Chen, Yu-Chih and So Jung Park and Morrow-Howell, Nancy} }