@article {12127, title = {Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel blood pressure loci.}, journal = {Mol Psychiatry}, volume = {26}, year = {2021}, pages = {2111-2125}, abstract = {

Educational attainment is widely used as a surrogate for socioeconomic status (SES). Low SES is a risk factor for hypertension and high blood pressure (BP). To identify novel BP loci, we performed multi-ancestry meta-analyses accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions using two variables, "Some College" (yes/no) and "Graduated College" (yes/no). Interactions were evaluated using both a 1 degree of freedom (DF) interaction term and a 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Analyses were performed for systolic BP, diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. We pursued genome-wide interrogation in Stage 1 studies (N = 117 438) and follow-up on promising variants in Stage 2 studies (N = 293 787) in five ancestry groups. Through combined meta-analyses of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 84 known and 18 novel BP loci at genome-wide significance level (P < 5 {\texttimes} 10). Two novel loci were identified based on the 1DF test of interaction with educational attainment, while the remaining 16 loci were identified through the 2DF joint test of genetic and interaction effects. Ten novel loci were identified in individuals of African ancestry. Several novel loci show strong biological plausibility since they involve physiologic systems implicated in BP regulation. They include genes involved in the central nervous system-adrenal signaling axis (ZDHHC17, CADPS, PIK3C2G), vascular structure and function (GNB3, CDON), and renal function (HAS2 and HAS2-AS1, SLIT3). Collectively, these findings suggest a role of educational attainment or SES in further dissection of the genetic architecture of BP.

}, keywords = {Blood pressure, Epistasis, Genetic, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Hypertension, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide}, issn = {1476-5578}, doi = {10.1038/s41380-020-0719-3}, author = {de Las Fuentes, Lisa and Yun Ju Sung and Noordam, Raymond and Thomas W Winkler and Feitosa, Mary F and Schwander, Karen and Bentley, Amy R and Brown, Michael R and Guo, Xiuqing and Alisa Manning and Daniel I Chasman and Aschard, Hugues and Traci M Bartz and Bielak, Lawrence F and Campbell, Archie and Cheng, Ching-Yu and Dorajoo, Rajkumar and Hartwig, Fernando P and Horimoto, A R V R and Li, Changwei and Li-Gao, Ruifang and Liu, Yongmei and Marten, Jonathan and Musani, Solomon K and Ntalla, Ioanna and Rankinen, Tuomo and Melissa Richard and Sim, Xueling and Smith, Albert V and Tajuddin, Salman M and Bamidele O Tayo and Vojinovic, Dina and Warren, Helen R and Xuan, Deng and Alver, Maris and Boissel, Mathilde and Jin-Fang Chai and Chen, Xu and Christensen, Kaare and Divers, Jasmin and Evangelou, Evangelos and Gao, Chuan and Giorgia G Girotto and Sarah E Harris and He, Meian and Hsu, Fang-Chi and K{\"u}hnel, Brigitte and Laguzzi, Federica and Li, Xiaoyin and Lyytik{\"a}inen, Leo-Pekka and Ilja M Nolte and Poveda, Alaitz and Rauramaa, Rainer and Riaz, Muhammad and Rueedi, Rico and Shu, Xiao-Ou and Snieder, Harold and Sofer, Tamar and Takeuchi, Fumihiko and Verweij, Niek and Erin B Ware and Weiss, Stefan and Yanek, Lisa R and Amin, Najaf and Dan E Arking and Donna K Arnett and Bergmann, Sven and Boerwinkle, Eric and Brody, Jennifer A and Broeckel, Ulrich and Brumat, Marco and Burke, Gregory and Cabrera, Claudia P and Canouil, Micka{\"e}l and Chee, Miao Li and Chen, Yii-Der Ida and Cocca, Massimiliano and Connell, John and de Silva, H Janaka and de Vries, Paul S and Eiriksdottir, Gudny and Jessica Faul and Fisher, Virginia and Forrester, Terrence and Fox, Ervin F and Friedlander, Yechiel and Gao, He and Gigante, Bruna and Giulianini, Franco and Gu, Chi Charles and Gu, Dongfeng and Tamara B Harris and He, Jiang and Heikkinen, Sami and Heng, Chew-Kiat and Hunt, Steven and Ikram, M Arfan and Irvin, Marguerite R and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Kavousi, Maryam and Khor, Chiea Chuen and Kilpel{\"a}inen, Tuomas O and Koh, Woon-Puay and Komulainen, Pirjo and Kraja, Aldi T and Krieger, J E and Langefeld, Carl D and Li, Yize and Liang, Jingjing and David C Liewald and Liu, Ching-Ti and Liu, Jianjun and Kurt Lohman and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and McKenzie, Colin A and Meitinger, Thomas and Andres Metspalu and Milaneschi, Yuri and Lili Milani and Dennis O Mook-Kanamori and Michael A Nalls and Nelson, Christopher P and Norris, Jill M and Jeff O{\textquoteright}Connell and Ogunniyi, Adesola and Padmanabhan, Sandosh and Palmer, Nicholette D and Nancy L Pedersen and Thomas T Perls and Peters, Annette and Petersmann, Astrid and Peyser, Patricia A and Polasek, Ozren and David J Porteous and Raffel, Leslie J and Rice, Treva K and Rotter, Jerome I and Rudan, Igor and Rueda-Ochoa, Oscar-Leonel and Sabanayagam, Charumathi and Babatunde Salako and Schreiner, Pamela J and Shikany, James M and Stephen Sidney and Sims, Mario and Sitlani, Colleen M and Smith, Jennifer A and John M Starr and Strauch, Konstantin and Swertz, Morris A and Teumer, Alexander and Tham, Yih Chung and Andr{\'e} G Uitterlinden and Vaidya, Dhananjay and van der Ende, M Yldau and Waldenberger, Melanie and Wang, Lihua and Wang, Ya-Xing and Wei, Wen-Bin and David R Weir and Wen, Wanqing and Yao, Jie and Yu, Bing and Yu, Caizheng and Yuan, Jian-Min and Zhao, Wei and Alan B Zonderman and Becker, Diane M and Bowden, Donald W and Ian J Deary and D{\"o}rr, Marcus and T{\~o}nu Esko and Freedman, Barry I and Froguel, Philippe and Paolo P. Gasparini and Gieger, Christian and Jost Bruno Jonas and Kammerer, Candace M and Kato, Norihiro and Lakka, Timo A and Leander, Karin and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Patrik K E Magnusson and Marques-Vidal, Pedro and Brenda W J H Penninx and Nilesh J Samani and van der Harst, Pim and Wagenknecht, Lynne E and Wu, Tangchun and Zheng, Wei and Zhu, Xiaofeng and Bouchard, Claude and Cooper, Richard S and Correa, Adolfo and Michele K Evans and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Caroline Hayward and Horta, Bernardo L and Tanika N Kelly and Stephen B Kritchevsky and Levy, Daniel and Walter R Palmas and Pereira, A C and Province, Michael M and Psaty, Bruce M and Ridker, Paul M and Charles N Rotimi and Tai, E Shyong and van Dam, Rob M and Cornelia M van Duijn and Wong, Tien Yin and Kenneth Rice and Gauderman, W James and Alanna C Morrison and Kari E North and Sharon L R Kardia and Caulfield, Mark J and Elliott, Paul and Munroe, Patricia B and Franks, Paul W and Rao, Dabeeru C and Myriam Fornage} } @article {12128, title = {Multi-ancestry study of blood lipid levels identifies four loci interacting with physical activity.}, journal = {Nature Communications}, volume = {10}, year = {2019}, pages = {376}, abstract = {

Many genetic loci affect circulating lipid levels, but it remains unknown whether lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, modify these genetic effects. To identify lipid loci interacting with physical activity, we performed genome-wide analyses of circulating HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in up to 120,979 individuals of European, African, Asian, Hispanic, and Brazilian ancestry, with follow-up of suggestive associations in an additional 131,012 individuals. We find four loci, in/near CLASP1, LHX1, SNTA1, and CNTNAP2, that are associated with circulating lipid levels through interaction with physical activity; higher levels of physical activity enhance the HDL cholesterol-increasing effects of the CLASP1, LHX1, and SNTA1 loci and attenuate the LDL cholesterol-increasing effect of the CNTNAP2 locus. The CLASP1, LHX1, and SNTA1 regions harbor genes linked to muscle function and lipid metabolism. Our results elucidate the role of physical activity interactions in the genetic contribution to blood lipid levels.

}, keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Asians, Blacks, Brazil, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Cholesterol, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Exercise, Female, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, LIM-Homeodomain Proteins, Lipid Metabolism, Lipids, Male, Membrane Proteins, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Middle Aged, Muscle Proteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Transcription Factors, Triglycerides, Whites, Young Adult}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-08008-w}, author = {Kilpel{\"a}inen, Tuomas O and Bentley, Amy R and Noordam, Raymond and Yun Ju Sung and Schwander, Karen and Thomas W Winkler and Jakupovi{\'c}, Hermina and Daniel I Chasman and Alisa Manning and Ntalla, Ioanna and Aschard, Hugues and Brown, Michael R and de Las Fuentes, Lisa and Franceschini, Nora and Guo, Xiuqing and Vojinovic, Dina and Aslibekyan, Stella and Feitosa, Mary F and Kho, Minjung and Musani, Solomon K and Melissa Richard and Wang, Heming and Wang, Zhe and Traci M Bartz and Bielak, Lawrence F and Campbell, Archie and Dorajoo, Rajkumar and Fisher, Virginia and Hartwig, Fernando P and Horimoto, Andrea R V R and Li, Changwei and Kurt Lohman and Marten, Jonathan and Sim, Xueling and Smith, Albert V and Tajuddin, Salman M and Alver, Maris and Amini, Marzyeh and Boissel, Mathilde and Jin-Fang Chai and Chen, Xu and Divers, Jasmin and Evangelou, Evangelos and Gao, Chuan and Graff, Mariaelisa and Sarah E Harris and He, Meian and Hsu, Fang-Chi and Jackson, Anne U and Jing Hua Zhao and Kraja, Aldi T and K{\"u}hnel, Brigitte and Laguzzi, Federica and Lyytik{\"a}inen, Leo-Pekka and Ilja M Nolte and Rauramaa, Rainer and Riaz, Muhammad and Robino, Antonietta and Rueedi, Rico and Heather M Stringham and Takeuchi, Fumihiko and van der Most, Peter J and Varga, Tibor V and Verweij, Niek and Erin B Ware and Wen, Wanqing and Li, Xiaoyin and Yanek, Lisa R and Amin, Najaf and Donna K Arnett and Boerwinkle, Eric and Brumat, Marco and Brian E Cade and Canouil, Micka{\"e}l and Chen, Yii-Der Ida and Concas, Maria Pina and Connell, John and de Mutsert, Ren{\'e}e and de Silva, H Janaka and de Vries, Paul S and Demirkan, Ayse and Ding, Jingzhong and Charles B Eaton and Jessica Faul and Friedlander, Yechiel and Gabriel, Kelley P and Ghanbari, Mohsen and Giulianini, Franco and Gu, Chi Charles and Gu, Dongfeng and Tamara B Harris and He, Jiang and Heikkinen, Sami and Heng, Chew-Kiat and Hunt, Steven C and Ikram, M Arfan and Jost Bruno Jonas and Koh, Woon-Puay and Komulainen, Pirjo and Krieger, Jose E and Stephen B Kritchevsky and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Kuusisto, Johanna and Langefeld, Carl D and Langenberg, Claudia and Lenore J Launer and Leander, Karin and Lemaitre, Rozenn N and Lewis, Cora E and Liang, Jingjing and Liu, Jianjun and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Manichaikul, Ani and Meitinger, Thomas and Andres Metspalu and Milaneschi, Yuri and Mohlke, Karen L and Thomas H Mosley and Murray, Alison D and Michael A Nalls and Nang, Ei-Ei Khaing and Nelson, Christopher P and Nona, Sotoodehnia and Norris, Jill M and Nwuba, Chiamaka Vivian and Jeff O{\textquoteright}Connell and Palmer, Nicholette D and Papanicolau, George J and Pazoki, Raha and Nancy L Pedersen and Peters, Annette and Peyser, Patricia A and Polasek, Ozren and David J Porteous and Poveda, Alaitz and Olli T Raitakari and Rich, Stephen S and Neil Risch and Robinson, Jennifer G and Rose, Lynda M and Rudan, Igor and Schreiner, Pamela J and Scott, Robert A and Stephen Sidney and Sims, Mario and Smith, Jennifer A and Snieder, Harold and Sofer, Tamar and John M Starr and Sternfeld, Barbara and Strauch, Konstantin and Tang, Hua and Kent D Taylor and Tsai, Michael Y and Tuomilehto, Jaakko and Andr{\'e} G Uitterlinden and van der Ende, M Yldau and van Heemst, Diana and Voortman, Trudy and Waldenberger, Melanie and Wennberg, Patrik and Wilson, Gregory and Xiang, Yong-Bing and Yao, Jie and Yu, Caizheng and Yuan, Jian-Min and Zhao, Wei and Alan B Zonderman and Becker, Diane M and Boehnke, Michael and Bowden, Donald W and de Faire, Ulf and Ian J Deary and Elliott, Paul and T{\~o}nu Esko and Freedman, Barry I and Froguel, Philippe and Paolo P. Gasparini and Gieger, Christian and Kato, Norihiro and Laakso, Markku and Lakka, Timo A and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Patrik K E Magnusson and Oldehinkel, Albertine J and Brenda W J H Penninx and Nilesh J Samani and Shu, Xiao-Ou and van der Harst, Pim and Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk and Vollenweider, Peter and Wagenknecht, Lynne E and Wang, Ya X and Wareham, Nicholas J and David R Weir and Wu, Tangchun and Zheng, Wei and Zhu, Xiaofeng and Michele K Evans and Franks, Paul W and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Caroline Hayward and Horta, Bernardo L and Tanika N Kelly and Liu, Yongmei and Kari E North and Pereira, Alexandre C and Ridker, Paul M and Tai, E Shyong and van Dam, Rob M and Fox, Ervin R and Sharon L R Kardia and Liu, Ching-Ti and Dennis O Mook-Kanamori and Province, Michael A and Redline, Susan and Cornelia M van Duijn and Rotter, Jerome I and Charles Kooperberg and Gauderman, W James and Psaty, Bruce M and Kenneth Rice and Munroe, Patricia B and Myriam Fornage and Cupples, L Adrienne and Charles N Rotimi and Alanna C Morrison and Rao, Dabeeru C and Ruth J F Loos} } @article {12138, title = {New Blood Pressure-Associated Loci Identified in Meta-Analyses of 475 000 Individuals.}, journal = {Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics}, volume = {10}, year = {2017}, pages = {e001778}, abstract = {

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies have recently identified >400 loci that harbor DNA sequence variants that influence blood pressure (BP). Our earlier studies identified and validated 56 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with BP from meta-analyses of exome chip genotype data. An additional 100 variants yielded suggestive evidence of association.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Here, we augment the sample with 140 886 European individuals from the UK Biobank, in whom 77 of the 100 suggestive SNVs were available for association analysis with systolic BP or diastolic BP or pulse pressure. We performed 2 meta-analyses, one in individuals of European, South Asian, African, and Hispanic descent (pan-ancestry, ≈475 000), and the other in the subset of individuals of European descent (≈423 000). Twenty-one SNVs were genome-wide significant (<5{\texttimes}10) for BP, of which 4 are new BP loci: rs9678851 (missense, ), rs7437940 (), rs13303 (missense, ), and rs1055144 (). In addition, we identified a potentially independent novel BP-associated SNV, rs3416322 (missense, ) at a known locus, uncorrelated with the previously reported SNVs. Two SNVs are associated with expression levels of nearby genes, and SNVs at 3 loci are associated with other traits. One SNV with a minor allele frequency <0.01, (rs3025380 at ) was genome-wide significant.

CONCLUSIONS: We report 4 novel loci associated with BP regulation, and 1 independent variant at an established BP locus. This analysis highlights several candidate genes with variation that alter protein function or gene expression for potential follow-up.

}, keywords = {Antiporters, Blood pressure, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal, Databases, Factual, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Microfilament Proteins, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing}, issn = {1942-3268}, doi = {10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.117.001778}, author = {Kraja, Aldi T and Cook, James P and Warren, Helen R and Surendran, Praveen and Liu, Chunyu and Evangelou, Evangelos and Alisa Manning and Grarup, Niels and Drenos, Fotios and Sim, Xueling and Smith, Albert Vernon and Amin, Najaf and Alexandra I Blakemore and Bork-Jensen, Jette and Brandslund, Ivan and Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni and Fava, Cristiano and Ferreira, Teresa and Herzig, Karl-Heinz and Giri, Ayush and Giulianini, Franco and Grove, Megan L and Guo, Xiuqing and Sarah E Harris and Have, Christian T and Havulinna, Aki S and Zhang, He and J{\o}rgensen, Marit E and K{\"a}r{\"a}j{\"a}m{\"a}ki, AnneMari and Charles Kooperberg and Linneberg, Allan and Little, Louis and Liu, Yongmei and Bonnycastle, Lori L and Lu, Yingchang and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Mahajan, Anubha and Malerba, Giovanni and Riccardo E Marioni and Mei, Hao and Menni, Cristina and Alanna C Morrison and Padmanabhan, Sandosh and Walter R Palmas and Poveda, Alaitz and Rauramaa, Rainer and Nigel W Rayner and Riaz, Muhammad and Rice, Ken and Melissa Richard and Smith, Jennifer A and Southam, Lorraine and Stan{\v c}{\'a}kov{\'a}, Alena and Kathleen E Stirrups and Tragante, Vinicius and Tuomi, Tiinamaija and Tzoulaki, Ioanna and Varga, Tibor V and Weiss, Stefan and Yiorkas, Andrianos M and Young, Robin and Zhang, Weihua and Barnes, Michael R and Cabrera, Claudia P and Gao, He and Boehnke, Michael and Boerwinkle, Eric and Chambers, John C and Connell, John M and Cramer Christensen and de Boer, Rudolf A and Ian J Deary and George Dedoussis and Deloukas, Panos and Dominiczak, Anna F and D{\"o}rr, Marcus and Joehanes, Roby and Edwards, Todd L and T{\~o}nu Esko and Myriam Fornage and Franceschini, Nora and Franks, Paul W and Gambaro, Giovanni and Leif C Groop and Hallmans, G{\"o}ran and Hansen, Torben and Caroline Hayward and Heikki, Oksa and Ingelsson, Erik and Tuomilehto, Jaakko and J{\"a}rvelin, Marjo-Riitta and Sharon L R Kardia and Karpe, Fredrik and Kooner, Jaspal S and Lakka, Timo A and Langenberg, Claudia and Lars Lind and Ruth J F Loos and Laakso, Markku and McCarthy, Mark I and Melander, Olle and Mohlke, Karen L and Morris, Andrew P and Palmer, Colin N A and Pedersen, Oluf and Polasek, Ozren and Neil Poulter and Province, Michael A and Psaty, Bruce M and Ridker, Paul M and Rotter, Jerome I and Rudan, Igor and Veikko Salomaa and Nilesh J Samani and Peter Sever and Skaaby, Tea and Stafford, Jeanette M and John M Starr and van der Harst, Pim and van der Meer, Peter and Cornelia M van Duijn and Vergnaud, Anne-Claire and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Wareham, Nicholas J and Wilson, James G and Willer, Cristen J and Daniel Witte and Zeggini, Eleftheria and Saleheen, Danish and Adam S Butterworth and Danesh, John and Asselbergs, Folkert W and Wain, Louise V and Georg B Ehret and Daniel I Chasman and Caulfield, Mark J and Elliott, Paul and Lindgren, Cecilia M and Levy, Daniel and Newton-Cheh, Christopher and Munroe, Patricia B and Howson, Joanna M M} } @article {12133, title = {SOS2 and ACP1 Loci Identified through Large-Scale Exome Chip Analysis Regulate Kidney Development and Function.}, journal = {Journal of the American Society of Nephrology }, volume = {28}, year = {2017}, pages = {981-994}, abstract = {

Genome-wide association studies have identified >50 common variants associated with kidney function, but these variants do not fully explain the variation in eGFR. We performed a two-stage meta-analysis of associations between genotypes from the Illumina exome array and eGFR on the basis of serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) among participants of European ancestry from the CKDGen Consortium (: 111,666; : 48,343). In single-variant analyses, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms at seven new loci associated with eGFRcrea (, , and ; <3.7{\texttimes}10), of which most were common and annotated as nonsynonymous variants. Gene-based analysis identified associations of functional rare variants in three genes with eGFRcrea, including a novel association with the SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 gene, (=5.4{\texttimes}10 by sequence kernel association test). Experimental follow-up in zebrafish embryos revealed changes in glomerular gene expression and renal tubule morphology in the embryonic kidney of and -knockdowns. These developmental abnormalities associated with altered blood clearance rate and heightened prevalence of edema. This study expands the number of loci associated with kidney function and identifies novel genes with potential roles in kidney formation.

}, keywords = {Animals, Exome, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Humans, kidney, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Son of Sevenless Proteins, Zebrafish}, issn = {1533-3450}, doi = {10.1681/ASN.2016020131}, author = {Li, Man and Li, Yong and Weeks, Olivia and Mijatovic, Vladan and Teumer, Alexander and Huffman, Jennifer E and Tromp, Gerard and Fuchsberger, Christian and Gorski, Mathias and Lyytik{\"a}inen, Leo-Pekka and Nutile, Teresa and Sedaghat, Sanaz and Sorice, Rossella and Tin, Adrienne and Yang, Qiong and Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S and Dan E Arking and Bihlmeyer, Nathan A and B{\"o}ger, Carsten A and Carroll, Robert J and Daniel I Chasman and Marilyn C Cornelis and Dehghan, Abbas and Jessica Faul and Feitosa, Mary F and Gambaro, Giovanni and Paolo P. Gasparini and Giulianini, Franco and Iris M Heid and Huang, Jinyan and Imboden, Medea and Jackson, Anne U and Janina Jeff and Jhun, Min A and Katz, Ronit and Kifley, Annette and Kilpel{\"a}inen, Tuomas O and Kumar, Ashish and Laakso, Markku and Li-Gao, Ruifang and Kurt Lohman and Lu, Yingchang and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Malerba, Giovanni and Mihailov, Evelin and Mohlke, Karen L and Dennis O Mook-Kanamori and Robino, Antonietta and Ruderfer, Douglas and Salvi, Erika and Schick, Ursula M and Schulz, Christina-Alexandra and Smith, Albert V and Smith, Jennifer A and Traglia, Michela and Laura M Yerges-Armstrong and Zhao, Wei and Goodarzi, Mark O and Kraja, Aldi T and Liu, Chunyu and Wessel, Jennifer and Boerwinkle, Eric and Ingrid B Borecki and Bork-Jensen, Jette and Erwin P Bottinger and Braga, Daniele and Brandslund, Ivan and Brody, Jennifer A and Campbell, Archie and Carey, David J and Cramer Christensen and Coresh, Josef and Crook, Errol and Curhan, Gary C and Cusi, Daniele and de Boer, Ian H and de Vries, Aiko P J and Denny, Joshua C and Devuyst, Olivier and Dreisbach, Albert W and Endlich, Karlhans and T{\~o}nu Esko and Franco, Oscar H and Fulop, Tibor and Gerhard, Glenn S and Gl{\"u}mer, Charlotte and Gottesman, Omri and Grarup, Niels and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Hansen, Torben and Tamara B Harris and Caroline Hayward and Lynne J Hocking and Hofman, Albert and Hu, Frank B and Husemoen, Lise Lotte N and Jackson, Rebecca D and J{\o}rgensen, Torben and J{\o}rgensen, Marit E and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Sharon L R Kardia and K{\"o}nig, Wolfgang and Charles Kooperberg and Kriebel, Jennifer and Lenore J Launer and Lauritzen, Torsten and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Levy, Daniel and Linksted, Pamela and Linneberg, Allan and Liu, Yongmei and Ruth J F Loos and Lupo, Antonio and Meisinger, Christine and Melander, Olle and Andres Metspalu and Mitchell, Paul and Nauck, Matthias and N{\"u}rnberg, Peter and Orho-Melander, Marju and Parsa, Afshin and Pedersen, Oluf and Peters, Annette and Peters, Ulrike and Polasek, Ozren and David J Porteous and Nicole M Probst-Hensch and Psaty, Bruce M and Qi, Lu and Olli T Raitakari and Reiner, Alex P and Rettig, Rainer and Ridker, Paul M and Fernando Rivadeneira and Rossouw, Jacques E and Schmidt, Frank and David S Siscovick and Soranzo, Nicole and Strauch, Konstantin and Toniolo, Daniela and Stephen T Turner and Andr{\'e} G Uitterlinden and Ulivi, Sheila and Velayutham, Dinesh and V{\"o}lker, Uwe and V{\"o}lzke, Henry and Waldenberger, Melanie and Wang, Jie Jin and David R Weir and Daniel Witte and Kuivaniemi, Helena and Caroline S Fox and Franceschini, Nora and Goessling, Wolfram and K{\"o}ttgen, Anna and Chu, Audrey Y} } @article {8883, title = {Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {533}, year = {2016}, month = {2016 05 26}, pages = {539-42}, abstract = {

Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20\% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.

}, keywords = {Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease, Bipolar Disorder, Cognitive Ability, Education, Fetus, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Schizophrenia, United Kingdom}, issn = {1476-4687}, doi = {10.1038/nature17671}, author = {Okbay, Aysu and Jonathan P. Beauchamp and Mark Alan Fontana and Lee, James J and Pers, Tune H and Cornelius A Rietveld and Turley, Patrick and Chen, Guo-Bo and Emilsson, Valur and Meddens, S Fleur W and Oskarsson, Sven and Pickrell, Joseph K and Thom, Kevin and Pascal N Timshel and de Vlaming, Ronald and Abdel Abdellaoui and Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S and Bacelis, Jonas and Baumbach, Clemens and Bjornsdottir, Gyda and Brandsma, Johannes H and Maria Pina Concas and Derringer, Jaime and Furlotte, Nicholas A and Galesloot, Tessel E and Giorgia G Girotto and Gupta, Richa and Hall, Leanne M and Sarah E Harris and Edith Hofer and Horikoshi, Momoko and Huffman, Jennifer E and Kaasik, Kadri and Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati and Karlsson, Robert and Kong, Augustine and Lahti, Jari and Sven J van der Lee and Christiaan de Leeuw and Penelope A Lind and Lindgren, Karl-Oskar and Tian Liu and Mangino, Massimo and Marten, Jonathan and Mihailov, Evelin and Michael B Miller and van der Most, Peter J and Christopher J Oldmeadow and Payton, Antony and Pervjakova, Natalia and Wouter J Peyrot and Qian, Yong and Olli T Raitakari and Rueedi, Rico and Salvi, Erika and Schmidt, B{\"o}rge and Schraut, Katharina E and Jianxin Shi and Albert Vernon Smith and Poot, Raymond A and St Pourcain, Beate and Teumer, Alexander and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Verweij, Niek and Vuckovic, Dragana and J{\"u}rgen Wellmann and Westra, Harm-Jan and Yang, Jingyun and Wei Zhao and Zhihong Zhu and Alizadeh, Behrooz Z and Amin, Najaf and Bakshi, Andrew and Baumeister, Sebastian E and Biino, Ginevra and B{\o}nnelykke, Klaus and Patricia A. Boyle and Campbell, Harry and Cappuccio, Francesco P and Gail Davies and De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel and Deloukas, Panos and Demuth, Ilja and Ding, Jun and Eibich, Peter and Eisele, Lewin and Eklund, Niina and Jessica Faul and Feitosa, Mary F and Andreas J Forstner and Gandin, Ilaria and Gunnarsson, Bjarni and Halld{\'o}rsson, Bjarni V and Tamara B Harris and Andrew C Heath and Lynne J Hocking and Holliday, Elizabeth G and Homuth, Georg and Horan, Michael A and Jouke-Jan Hottenga and Philip L de Jager and Joshi, Peter K and Jugessur, Astanand and Marika A Kaakinen and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Kanoni, Stavroula and Keltigangas-J{\"a}rvinen, Liisa and Lambertus A Kiemeney and Kolcic, Ivana and Koskinen, Seppo and Kraja, Aldi T and Kroh, Martin and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Latvala, Antti and Lenore J Launer and Lebreton, Ma{\"e}l P and Douglas F Levinson and Paul Lichtenstein and Lichtner, Peter and David C Liewald and Loukola, Anu and Pamela A F Madden and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and M{\"a}ki-Opas, Tomi and Riccardo E Marioni and Marques-Vidal, Pedro and Meddens, Gerardus A and McMahon, George and Meisinger, Christa and Meitinger, Thomas and Milaneschi, Yusplitri and Lili Milani and Grant W Montgomery and Myhre, Ronny and Nelson, Christopher P and Nyholt, Dale R and William E R Ollier and Aarno Palotie and Paternoster, Lavinia and Nancy L Pedersen and Katja E Petrovic and David J Porteous and Katri R{\"a}ikk{\"o}nen and Ring, Susan M and Robino, Antonietta and Rostapshova, Olga and Rudan, Igor and Rustichini, Aldo and Veikko Salomaa and Sanders, Alan R and Sarin, Antti-Pekka and Schmidt, Helena and Rodney J Scott and Smith, Blair H and Jennifer A Smith and Staessen, Jan A and Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth and Strauch, Konstantin and Antonio Terracciano and Tobin, Martin D and Ulivi, Sheila and Vaccargiu, Simona and Quaye, Lydia and van Rooij, Frank J A and Venturini, Cristina and Anna A E Vinkhuyzen and V{\"o}lker, Uwe and V{\"o}lzke, Henry and Vonk, Judith M and Vozzi, Diego and Waage, Johannes and Erin B Ware and Gonneke Willemsen and John R. Attia and David A Bennett and Klaus Berger and Bertram, Lars and Bisgaard, Hans and Dorret I Boomsma and Ingrid B Borecki and B{\"u}ltmann, Ute and Chabris, Christopher F and Francesco Cucca and Cusi, Daniele and Ian J Deary and George Dedoussis and Cornelia M van Duijn and Johan G Eriksson and Franke, Barbara and Lude L Franke and Paolo P. Gasparini and Gejman, Pablo V and Gieger, Christian and Hans-J{\"o}rgen Grabe and Gratten, Jacob and Groenen, Patrick J F and Gudnason, Vilmundur and van der Harst, Pim and Caroline Hayward and Hinds, David A and Hoffmann, Wolfgang and Hypp{\"o}nen, Elina and Iacono, William G and Jacobsson, Bo and J{\"a}rvelin, Marjo-Riitta and J{\"o}ckel, Karl-Heinz and Kaprio, Jaakko and Sharon L R Kardia and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Lehrer, Steven F and Patrik K E Magnusson and Nicholas G Martin and McGue, Matt and Andres Metspalu and Pendleton, Neil and Brenda W J H Penninx and Markus Perola and Nicola Pirastu and Pirastu, Mario and Polasek, Ozren and Posthuma, Danielle and Power, Christine and Province, Michael A and Nilesh J Samani and Schlessinger, David and Schmidt, Reinhold and Thorkild I. A. S{\o}rensen and Timothy Spector and Stefansson, Kari and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and A. Roy Thurik and Nicholas J Timpson and Henning Tiemeier and Tung, Joyce Y and Andr{\'e} G Uitterlinden and Vitart, Veronique and Vollenweider, Peter and David R Weir and James F Wilson and Alan F Wright and Dalton C Conley and Krueger, Robert F and George Davey Smith and Hofman, Albert and David I Laibson and Sarah E Medland and Meyer, Michelle N and Yang, Jian and Johannesson, Magnus and Peter M Visscher and T{\~o}nu Esko and Philipp D Koellinger and Cesarini, David and Daniel J. Benjamin} } @article {8885, title = {Meta-analysis identifies common and rare variants influencing blood pressure and overlapping with metabolic trait loci.}, journal = {Nat Genet}, volume = {48}, year = {2016}, month = {2016 Oct}, pages = {1162-70}, abstract = {

Meta-analyses of association results for blood pressure using exome-centric single-variant and gene-based tests identified 31 new loci in a discovery stage among 146,562 individuals, with follow-up and meta-analysis in 180,726 additional individuals (total n = 327,288). These blood pressure-associated loci are enriched for known variants for cardiometabolic traits. Associations were also observed for the aggregation of rare and low-frequency missense variants in three genes, NPR1, DBH, and PTPMT1. In addition, blood pressure associations at 39 previously reported loci were confirmed. The identified variants implicate biological pathways related to cardiometabolic traits, vascular function, and development. Several new variants are inferred to have roles in transcription or as hubs in protein-protein interaction networks. Genetic risk scores constructed from the identified variants were strongly associated with coronary disease and myocardial infarction. This large collection of blood pressure-associated loci suggests new therapeutic strategies for hypertension, emphasizing a link with cardiometabolic risk.

}, issn = {1546-1718}, doi = {10.1038/ng.3660}, author = {Liu, Chunyu and Kraja, Aldi T and Jennifer A Smith and Brody, Jennifer A and Franceschini, Nora and Joshua C. Bis and Kenneth Rice and Alanna C Morrison and Lu, Yingchang and Weiss, Stefan and Guo, Xiuqing and Walter R Palmas and Martin, Lisa W and Yii-Der I Chen and Surendran, Praveen and Drenos, Fotios and Cook, James P and Auer, Paul L and Chu, Audrey Y and Giri, Ayush and Wei Zhao and Jakobsdottir, Johanna and Lin, Li-An and Stafford, Jeanette M and Amin, Najaf and Mei, Hao and Yao, Jie and Voorman, Arend and Larson, Martin G and Grove, Megan L and Albert Vernon Smith and Hwang, Shih-Jen and Chen, Han and Huan, Tianxiao and Kosova, Gulum and Stitziel, Nathan O and Kathiresan, Sekar and Nilesh J Samani and Schunkert, Heribert and Deloukas, Panos and Li, Man and Fuchsberger, Christian and Pattaro, Cristian and Gorski, Mathias and Charles Kooperberg and George J Papanicolaou and Rossouw, Jacques E and Jessica Faul and Sharon L R Kardia and Bouchard, Claude and Raffel, Leslie J and Andr{\'e} G Uitterlinden and Franco, Oscar H and Ramachandran S Vasan and O{\textquoteright}Donnell, Christopher J and Kent D Taylor and Liu, Kiang and Erwin P Bottinger and Gottesman, Omri and Daw, E Warwick and Giulianini, Franco and Ganesh, Santhi and Salfati, Elias and Tamara B Harris and Lenore J Launer and D{\"o}rr, Marcus and Felix, Stephan B and Rettig, Rainer and V{\"o}lzke, Henry and Eric S Kim and Lee, Wen-Jane and Lee, I-Te and Sheu, Wayne H-H and Tsosie, Krystal S and Digna R Velez Edwards and Yongmei Liu and Correa, Adolfo and David R Weir and V{\"o}lker, Uwe and Ridker, Paul M and Boerwinkle, Eric and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Reiner, Alexander P and Cornelia M van Duijn and Ingrid B Borecki and Edwards, Todd L and Chakravarti, Aravinda and Rotter, Jerome I and Psaty, Bruce M and Ruth J F Loos and Myriam Fornage and Georg B Ehret and Newton-Cheh, Christopher and Levy, Daniel and Daniel I Chasman} } @article {8882, title = {Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {518}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Feb 12}, pages = {197-206}, abstract = {

Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P~<~5~{\texttimes}~10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for \~{}2.7\% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20\% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.

}, keywords = {Age Factors, BMI, Continental Population Groups, Energy Metabolism, Europe, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glutamic Acid, Humans, Insulin, Male, Obesity, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Synapses}, issn = {1476-4687}, doi = {10.1038/nature14177}, author = {Locke, Adam E and Kahali, Bratati and Berndt, Sonja I and Justice, Anne E and Pers, Tune H and Day, Felix R and Powell, Corey and Vedantam, Sailaja and Buchkovich, Martin L and Yang, Jian and Croteau-Chonka, Damien C and T{\~o}nu Esko and Fall, Tove and Ferreira, Teresa and Gustafsson, Stefan and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Luan, Jian{\textquoteright}an and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Randall, Joshua C and Thomas W Winkler and Andrew R Wood and Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie and Jessica Faul and Jennifer A Smith and Jing Hua Zhao and Wei Zhao and Chen, Jin and Rudolf Ferhmann and Hedman, {\r A}sa K and Karjalainen, Juha and Schmidt, Ellen M and Absher, Devin and Amin, Najaf and Anderson, Denise and Beekman, Marian and Bolton, Jennifer L and Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L and Buyske, Steven and Demirkan, Ayse and Deng, Guohong and Georg B Ehret and Feenstra, Bjarke and Feitosa, Mary F and Fischer, Krista and Goel, Anuj and Gong, Jian and Jackson, Anne U and Kanoni, Stavroula and Kleber, Marcus E and Kristiansson, Kati and Lim, Unhee and Lotay, Vaneet and Mangino, Massimo and Irene Mateo Leach and Medina-Gomez, Carolina and Sarah E Medland and Michael A Nalls and Palmer, Cameron D and Pasko, Dorota and Pechlivanis, Sonali and Peters, Marjolein J and Prokopenko, Inga and Shungin, Dmitry and Stan{\v c}{\'a}kov{\'a}, Alena and Strawbridge, Rona J and Yun Ju Sung and Toshiko Tanaka and Teumer, Alexander and Trompet, Stella and van der Laan, Sander W and van Setten, Jessica and Jana V. van Vliet-Ostaptchouk and Wang, Zhaoming and Yengo, Loic and Zhang, Weihua and Isaacs, Aaron and Albrecht, Eva and {\"A}rnl{\"o}v, Johan and Arscott, Gillian M and Attwood, Antony P and Bandinelli, Stefania and Barrett, Amy and Bas, Isabelita N and Bellis, Claire and Bennett, Amanda J and Berne, Christian and Blagieva, Roza and Bl{\"u}her, Matthias and B{\"o}hringer, Stefan and Bonnycastle, Lori L and B{\"o}ttcher, Yvonne and Boyd, Heather A and Bruinenberg, Marcel and Caspersen, Ida H and Yii-Der I Chen and Robert Clark and Daw, E Warwick and de Craen, Anton J M and Delgado, Graciela and Dimitriou, Maria and Doney, Alex S F and Eklund, Niina and Estrada, Karol and Eury, Elodie and Folkersen, Lasse and Fraser, Ross M and Melissa E Garcia and Geller, Frank and Giedraitis, Vilmantas and Gigante, Bruna and Alan S Go and Golay, Alain and Goodall, Alison H and Gordon, Scott D and Gorski, Mathias and Hans-J{\"o}rgen Grabe and Grallert, Harald and Grammer, Tanja B and Gr{\"a}{\ss}ler, J{\"u}rgen and Gr{\"o}nberg, Henrik and Groves, Christopher J and Gusto, Ga{\"e}lle and Jeffrey Haessler and Hall, Per and Haller, Toomas and Hallmans, G{\"o}ran and Catharina A Hartman and Hassinen, Maija and Caroline Hayward and Heard-Costa, Nancy L and Helmer, Quinta and Hengstenberg, Christian and Oddgeir L Holmen and Jouke-Jan Hottenga and James, Alan L and Janina Jeff and Johansson, {\r A}sa and Jolley, Jennifer and Juliusdottir, Thorhildur and Kinnunen, Leena and Koenig, Wolfgang and Koskenvuo, Markku and Kratzer, Wolfgang and Laitinen, Jaana and Lamina, Claudia and Leander, Karin and Lee, Nanette R and Lichtner, Peter and Lars Lind and Lindstr{\"o}m, Jaana and Ken Sin Lo and Lobbens, St{\'e}phane and Lorbeer, Roberto and Lu, Yingchang and Mach, Fran{\c c}ois and Patrik K E Magnusson and Mahajan, Anubha and McArdle, Wendy L and McLachlan, Stela and Menni, Cristina and Merger, Sigrun and Mihailov, Evelin and Lili Milani and Moayyeri, Alireza and Monda, Keri L and Morken, Mario A and Mulas, Antonella and M{\"u}ller, Gabriele and M{\"u}ller-Nurasyid, Martina and Musk, Arthur W and Nagaraja, Ramaiah and Markus M N{\"o}then and Ilja M Nolte and Pilz, Stefan and Nigel W Rayner and Renstrom, Frida and Rettig, Rainer and Ried, Janina S and Ripke, Stephan and Neil R Robertson and Rose, Lynda M and Sanna, Serena and Scharnagl, Hubert and Scholtens, Salome and Schumacher, Fredrick R and Scott, William R and Seufferlein, Thomas and Jianxin Shi and Albert Vernon Smith and Smolonska, Joanna and Stanton, Alice V and Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur and Kathleen E Stirrups and Heather M Stringham and Sundstr{\"o}m, Johan and Swertz, Morris A and Swift, Amy J and Syv{\"a}nen, Ann-Christine and Tan, Sian-Tsung and Bamidele O Tayo and Thorand, Barbara and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Tyrer, Jonathan P and Uh, Hae-Won and Vandenput, Liesbeth and Verhulst, Frank C and Vermeulen, Sita H and Verweij, Niek and Vonk, Judith M and Lindsay L Waite and Warren, Helen R and Dawn M Waterworth and Michael N Weedon and Wilkens, Lynne R and Willenborg, Christina and Wilsgaard, Tom and Wojczynski, Mary K and Wong, Andrew and Alan F Wright and Zhang, Qunyuan and Brennan, Eoin P and Murim Choi and Dastani, Zari and Alexander W Drong and Eriksson, Per and Franco-Cereceda, Anders and G{\r a}din, Jesper R and Gharavi, Ali G and Goddard, Michael E and Handsaker, Robert E and Huang, Jinyan and Karpe, Fredrik and Kathiresan, Sekar and Keildson, Sarah and Kiryluk, Krzysztof and Kubo, Michiaki and Lee, Jong-Young and Liang, Liming and Lifton, Richard P and Ma, Baoshan and McCarroll, Steven A and McKnight, Amy J and Min, Josine L and Moffatt, Miriam F and Grant W Montgomery and Joanne M Murabito and Nicholson, George and Nyholt, Dale R and Okada, Yukinori and Perry, John R B and Dorajoo, Rajkumar and Reinmaa, Eva and Salem, Rany M and Sandholm, Niina and Scott, Robert A and Stolk, Lisette and Takahashi, Atsushi and Tanaka, Toshihiro and Ferdinand M van {\textquoteright}t Hooft and Anna A E Vinkhuyzen and Westra, Harm-Jan and Wei Zhang and Krina T Zondervan and Andrew C Heath and Arveiler, Dominique and Bakker, Stephan J L and Beilby, John and Bergman, Richard N and Blangero, John and Bovet, Pascal and Campbell, Harry and Caulfield, Mark J and Cesana, Giancarlo and Chakravarti, Aravinda and Daniel I Chasman and Chines, Peter S and Collins, Francis S and Crawford, Dana C and Cupples, L Adrienne and Cusi, Daniele and Danesh, John and de Faire, Ulf and Hester M den Ruijter and Dominiczak, Anna F and Erbel, Raimund and Erdmann, Jeanette and Johan G Eriksson and Farrall, Martin and Felix, Stephan B and Ferrannini, Ele and Ferri{\`e}res, Jean and Ford, Ian and Forouhi, Nita G and Forrester, Terrence and Franco, Oscar H and Gansevoort, Ron T and Gejman, Pablo V and Gieger, Christian and Gottesman, Omri and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Gyllensten, Ulf and Hall, Alistair S and Tamara B Harris and Andrew T Hattersley and Hicks, Andrew A and Hindorff, Lucia A and Aroon Hingorani and Hofman, Albert and Homuth, Georg and Hovingh, G Kees and Humphries, Steve E and Hunt, Steven C and Hypp{\"o}nen, Elina and Illig, Thomas and Jacobs, Kevin B and J{\"a}rvelin, Marjo-Riitta and J{\"o}ckel, Karl-Heinz and Johansen, Berit and Jousilahti, Pekka and Jukema, J Wouter and Jula, Antti M and Kaprio, Jaakko and Kastelein, John J P and Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M and Lambertus A Kiemeney and Knekt, Paul and Kooner, Jaspal S and Charles Kooperberg and Kovacs, Peter and Kraja, Aldi T and Kumari, Meena and Kuusisto, Johanna and Lakka, Timo A and Langenberg, Claudia and Loic Le Marchand and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Lyssenko, Valeriya and M{\"a}nnist{\"o}, Satu and Marette, Andr{\'e} and Matise, Tara C and McKenzie, Colin A and McKnight, Barbara and Moll, Frans L and Morris, Andrew D and Morris, Andrew P and Murray, Jeffrey C and Nelis, Mari and Ohlsson, Claes and Oldehinkel, Albertine J and Ong, Ken K and Pamela A F Madden and Pasterkamp, Gerard and Peden, John F and Peters, Annette and Postma, Dirkje S and Pramstaller, Peter P and Price, Jackie F and Qi, Lu and Olli T Raitakari and Rankinen, Tuomo and Rao, D C and Rice, Treva K and Ridker, Paul M and Rioux, John D and Ritchie, Marylyn D and Rudan, Igor and Veikko Salomaa and Nilesh J Samani and Saramies, Jouko and Sarzynski, Mark A and Schunkert, Heribert and Schwarz, Peter E H and Peter Sever and Alan R Shuldiner and Sinisalo, Juha and Stolk, Ronald P and Strauch, Konstantin and T{\"o}njes, Anke and Tr{\'e}gou{\"e}t, David-Alexandre and Tremblay, Angelo and Tremoli, Elena and Virtamo, Jarmo and Vohl, Marie-Claude and V{\"o}lker, Uwe and Waeber, G{\'e}rard and Gonneke Willemsen and Witteman, Jacqueline C and Zillikens, M Carola and Adair, Linda S and Amouyel, Philippe and Asselbergs, Folkert W and Assimes, Themistocles L and Bochud, Murielle and Boehm, Bernhard O and Boerwinkle, Eric and Bornstein, Stefan R and Erwin P Bottinger and Bouchard, Claude and Cauchi, St{\'e}phane and Chambers, John C and Chanock, Stephen J and Cooper, Richard S and de Bakker, Paul I W and George Dedoussis and Luigi Ferrucci and Franks, Paul W and Froguel, Philippe and Leif C Groop and Christopher A Haiman and Hamsten, Anders and Hui, Jennie and Hunter, David J and Hveem, Kristian and Kaplan, Robert C and Mika Kivim{\"a}ki and Kuh, Diana and Laakso, Markku and Yongmei Liu and Nicholas G Martin and M{\"a}rz, Winfried and Melbye, Mads and Andres Metspalu and Moebus, Susanne and Munroe, Patricia B and Nj{\o}lstad, Inger and Ben A Oostra and Palmer, Colin N A and Nancy L Pedersen and Markus Perola and P{\'e}russe, Louis and Peters, Ulrike and Power, Chris and Quertermous, Thomas and Rauramaa, Rainer and Fernando Rivadeneira and Saaristo, Timo E and Saleheen, Danish and Sattar, Naveed and Eric E Schadt and Schlessinger, David and Eline P Slagboom and Snieder, Harold and Timothy Spector and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and Stumvoll, Michael and Tuomilehto, Jaakko and Andr{\'e} G Uitterlinden and Uusitupa, Matti and van der Harst, Pim and Walker, Mark and Wallaschofski, Henri and Wareham, Nicholas J and Watkins, Hugh and David R Weir and Wichmann, H-Erich and James F Wilson and Zanen, Pieter and Ingrid B Borecki and Deloukas, Panos and Caroline S Fox and Iris M Heid and Jeff O{\textquoteright}Connell and David P Strachan and Stefansson, Kari and Cornelia M van Duijn and Gon{\c c}alo R Abecasis and Lude L Franke and Timothy M Frayling and McCarthy, Mark I and Peter M Visscher and Scherag, Andre and Willer, Cristen J and Boehnke, Michael and Mohlke, Karen L and Lindgren, Cecilia M and Beckmann, Jacques S and Barroso, In{\^e}s and Kari E North and Ingelsson, Erik and Joel N Hirschhron and Ruth J F Loos and Elizabeth K Speliotes} }