@article {knapp_lee_2021,
	title = {Introduction to special issue on institutional influences on retirement, health and well-being},
	journal = {Journal of Pension Economics and Finance},
	year = {Forthcoming},
	abstract = {Countries make differing policy choices. They can serve as a scientific laboratory for drawing lessons on the policy paths to follow or to avoid and the consequences of those institutional choices on individuals at older ages. In this special issue we bring together six articles that evaluate the influence of institutions on retirement decisions, health and well-being of older adults using common data that have emerged with the international network of health and retirement studies to study key life outcomes such as health, work, and lifecycle transitions at older ages.},
	keywords = {health, Retirement, Social Security, Well Being},
	doi = {10.1017/S1474747221000408},
	author = {Knapp, David and Lee, Jinkook}
}
@article {11551,
	title = {The Changing Picture of Who Claims Social Security Early},
	number = {2021-30},
	year = {2021},
	institution = {AARP Public Policy Institute},
	address = {Washington, D.C.},
	abstract = {The authors identify the demographic, employment, and economic characteristics associated with those who claim at the EEA and relate these characteristics to people who claim after it.},
	keywords = {claims, Retirement, Social Security},
	doi = {10.26419/ppi.00133.001},
	author = {Philip Armour and Knapp, David}
}
@article {11550,
	title = {The Consequences of Claiming Social Security Benefits at Age 62},
	year = {2021},
	publisher = {AARP Public Policy Institute},
	address = {Washington, D.C.},
	abstract = {As individuals approach their 60s, they face the important decision about when to start claiming Social Security retirement benefits. {\textquotedblleft}The Consequences of Claiming Social Security Benefits at Age 62{\textquotedblright} by Philip Armour and David Knapp of the RAND Corporation asks what financial consequences the decision to collect early might have for the individual over time. A companion report, {\textquotedblleft}The Changing Picture of Who Claims Social Security Early,{\textquotedblright} examines the characteristics of those who decide to start collecting at the early eligibility age (EEA) of 62 compared with those who wait. Importantly, that study suggests that employment losses resulting from the COVID-19 recession may lead to earlier claiming{\textemdash}in particular among those with less education and those living in more rural areas. As the current study shows, this could have significant implications for the financial security of a whole cohort of retirees in the coming decades given the penalties associated with early claiming.},
	keywords = {consequences, Social Security},
	url = {https://www.aarp.org/ppi/info-2021/-the-consequences-of-claiming-social-security-benefits-at-age-62.html},
	author = {Philip Armour and Knapp, David}
}
@article {11549,
	title = {The Consequences of Claiming Social Security Benefits at Age 62},
	year = {2021},
	institution = {AARP Public Policy Institute},
	address = {Washington, D.C.},
	abstract = {As individuals approach their 60s, they face the important decision about when to start claiming Social Security retirement benefits. {\textquotedblleft}The Consequences of Claiming Social Security Benefits at Age 62{\textquotedblright} by Philip Armour and David Knapp of the RAND Corporation asks what financial consequences the decision to collect early might have for the individual over time. A companion report, {\textquotedblleft}The Changing Picture of Who Claims Social Security Early,{\textquotedblright} examines the characteristics of those who decide to start collecting at the early eligibility age (EEA) of 62 compared with those who wait. Importantly, that study suggests that employment losses resulting from the COVID-19 recession may lead to earlier claiming{\textemdash}in particular among those with less education and those living in more rural areas. As the current study shows, this could have significant implications for the financial security of a whole cohort of retirees in the coming decades given the penalties associated with early claiming. },
	keywords = {consequences, Social Security},
	doi = {10.26419/ppi.00134.001},
	author = {Philip Armour and Knapp, David}
}
@article {5874,
	title = {The Retirement and Social Security Benefit Claiming of U.S. Military Retirees},
	year = {2015},
	institution = {Ann Arbor, MI, Michigan Retirement Research Center},
	abstract = {After serving 20 years in the active component of the U.S. military, service members can retire from the military, as young as age 38, and begin collecting a monthly pension benefit for the remainder of their life. In this paper, we ask: do active duty military retirees exit the labor force earlier or later because of their access to military retirement benefits? Do they alter their Social Security claiming decisions? We theorize that access to a consistent source of income may encourage earlier retirement through a standard income effect, but the military pension may also increase a retiree s post-military job search, allowing for a greater wage and improved job satisfaction due to a better employer-employee match. Access to a steady source of pension income may also reduce short-term liquidity constraints, encouraging military retirees to delay claiming their Social Security benefit in order to benefit from delayed retirement. We estimate the impact of military retiree pension income on retirement empirically using the 1992 Health and Retirement Study cohort. We identify the military pension effect in a difference-in-difference model by exploiting a surprise change in military-retiree benefits in 2001 that extended Tricare health benefits to Medicare eligible military retirees and their spouses through the end of their lives. TFL eliminated the need to purchase Medigap coverage, thereby eliminating a cost that could cut into disposable income from their military annuity. A key limitation of the analysis is that the HRS includes relatively few military retirees.},
	keywords = {Demographics, Pensions, Retirement Planning and Satisfaction, Social Security},
	author = {Knapp, David and Asch, Beth and Hosek, James and Mattock, Michael}
}
@article {10187,
	title = {The Effect of Social Security Auxiliary Spouse and Survivor{\textquoteright}s Benefits on the Household Retirement Decision},
	year = {2014},
	month = {08/2014},
	institution = {University of Michigan},
	address = {Ann Arbor, United States},
	abstract = {In 2011,12.9 million age-qualifying Americans received $112 billion in spouse and survivor{\textquoteright}s benefits from Social Security based on their husband or wife{\textquoteright}s earnings history. The Spouse{\textquoteright}s Benefit alone, while representing less than 4\% of annual Social Security ld-age expenditures, amounts to $24 billion, which is larger than the individual 2012 budgets of 27 states, Canada{\textquoteright}s total military expenditures ($22.5b, 2013), and the entire Federal budget for assistance to families with dependent children (TANF - $17.6b, 2012).1 Initially called the {\textquotedblleft}wife{\textquoteright}s benefit{\textquotedblright}, these benefits were introduced in 1939 when only 15\% of households had two earners, compared to over 72\% for households retiring after 1992.2 No study has examined the effect of both the Spouse and Survivor{\textquoteright}s Benefits on household retirement behavior because of the complexity associated with estimating a structural model of interconnected household decisions. This study answers the question: how responsive are husbands{\textquoteright} and wives{\textquoteright} retirement decisions to Spouse and Survivor{\textquoteright}s Benefits?},
	keywords = {Retirement Decision, Social Security, Spouse Benefits},
	url = {http://crr.bc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Panel-3_3-Knapp1.pdf},
	author = {Knapp, David}
}
