@article {8221,
	title = {Sequential Patterns of Health Conditions and Financial Outcomes in Late Life: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study},
	journal = {The International Journal of Aging and Human Development},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {54-82},
	publisher = {81},
	abstract = {The cost and prevalence of chronic health conditions increase in late life and can negatively impact accumulated wealth. Based on the financial challenges midaged and older adults face, we sought to understand the evolution of distinctive sequences of chronic health conditions and how these sequences affect retirement savings. We used 10 waves of the Health and Retirement Study and tracked the health states and changes in wealth of 5,540 individuals. We identified five typical sequences of chronic health conditions, which are defined as follows: Multimorbidity, Comorbidity, Mild Disease, Late Event, and No Disease. Wealth accumulation differed across the five sequences. Multimorbidity and Comorbidity were the most costly sequences. Individuals with these health patterns, respectively, had  91,205 and  95,140, less net worth than respondents identified with No Disease. Our findings suggest policy makers consider sequential disease patterns when planning for the health-care needs and expenditures of older Americans.},
	keywords = {Demographics, Net Worth and Assets, Public Policy},
	doi = {10.1177/0091415015614948},
	url = {http://ahd.sagepub.com/content/81/1-2/54.abstract},
	author = {Hyungsoo Kim and Shin, Serah and Karen A. Zurlo}
}
@mastersthesis {6245,
	title = {Socioeconomic status and health redux: New evidence from England in a comparative context},
	volume = {Ph.D},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {166},
	school = {The American University},
	type = {Dissertation},
	address = {Washington, D.C.},
	abstract = {People with higher socioeconomic status (SES) enjoy superior health. For the US, it is especially difficult to identify pathways underpinning this relationship, as it likely reflects differences in access to health care in addition to other factors correlated with SES. In England, however, access to care is universal, so that if SES is positively correlated with health, its main effects must come via alternative pathways other than access to care. This dissertation investigates the effects of SES on health outcomes, and vice versa, using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). As the ELSA is similar to the US Health and Retirement Study, I compare the SES-health relation between countries. I find that the effect of SES on health is significant in England, with wealth the most important in guarding against negative health outcomes. However, for lower SES individuals, there are important differences between countries, suggesting that access to care has its largest effect among the least advantaged. Furthermore, new health events affect the economic resources of English individuals less than their US counterparts. Finally, there is evidence among married couples that wives respond to their husbands{\textquoteright} new health conditions by increasing market labor hours--i.e., an {\textquoteright}added worker effect.{\textquoteright}},
	keywords = {Cross-National, Demographics, Health Conditions and Status, Healthcare, Net Worth and Assets, Other, Public Policy},
	author = {Caswell, Kyle J.}
}
@article {6990,
	title = {The Social Security Early Entitlement Age In A Structural Model of Retirement and Wealth},
	journal = {Journal of Public Economics},
	volume = {89},
	year = {2005},
	note = {RDA 1996-005},
	pages = {441-463},
	publisher = {89},
	abstract = {A structural life cycle model of retirement and wealth attributes retirement peaks at both ages 62 and 65 to Social Security rules and wide heterogeneity in time preferences. Those with high discount rates often retire at 62. They have few assets and heavily value lost benefits from working after 62, largely ignoring potential increases in later benefits. Declining actuarial adjustments beginning at 65 induce those with low discount rates to retire at 65. Raising the Social Security early entitlement age to 64 induces 5  of the population to delay retiring, shifting the retirement spike from 62 to 64.},
	keywords = {Methodology, Net Worth and Assets},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2004.03.007},
	author = {Alan L Gustman and Thomas L. Steinmeier}
}
@article {6905,
	title = {Social Interaction and Stock Market Participation},
	journal = {Journal of Finance},
	volume = {59},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {137-163},
	publisher = {59},
	abstract = {We propose that stock-market participation is influenced by social interaction. In our model, any given  social  investor finds the market more attractive when more of his peers participate. We test this theory using data from the Health and Retirement Study, and find that social households those who interact with their neighbors, or attend church are substantially more likely to invest in the market than non-social households, controlling for wealth, race, education, and risk tolerance. Moreover, consistent with a peer-effects story, the impact of sociability is stronger in states where stock-market participation rates are higher.},
	keywords = {Health Conditions and Status, Net Worth and Assets},
	doi = {10.3386/w8358},
	author = {Hong, Harrison and Kubik, Jeffrey D. and Stein, Jeremy C.}
}
@inbook {5204,
	title = {Socioeconomic Status and Health over the Life Course: Capital as a Unifying Concept},
	booktitle = {Handbook of the Life Course},
	series = {Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research},
	year = {2003},
	note = {ProCite field 6 : Chapter 28 in ProCite field 8 : eds.},
	pages = {623-643},
	publisher = {Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers},
	organization = {Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers},
	address = {New York},
	abstract = {On average, individuals of lower socioeconomic status (SES){\textemdash}based on education, income, or occupation{\textemdash}have worse health than their higher SES counterparts (Adler, Boyce, Chesney, Folkman, \& Syme, 1993; Antonovsky, 1967; Feinstein, 1993; Feldman, Makuc, Kleinman, \& Cornoni-Huntley, 1989; House, Kessler, \& Herzog, 1990; Kitagawa \& Hauser, 1973; Marmot, Shipley, \& Rose, 1984; Pappas, Queen, Hadden, \& Fisher, 1993; Preston \& Taubman, 1994; Townsend \& Davidson, 1982). This relationship is best depicted as a gradient in health with a fairly linear trend in better health associated with increasing levels of SES, rather than a threshold effect. Furthermore, this relationship is stratified by age; lower SES individuals begin to experience health problems shortly after adolescence, while higher SES individuals experience little health decline until around retirement age (House et al, 1990, 1994). This life course patterning of SES and health is intriguing since it suggests substantial variation in the ability of each group to sustain good health over the life course.},
	keywords = {Demographics, Event History/Life Cycle, Health Conditions and Status, Net Worth and Assets},
	doi = {10.1007/978-0-306-48247-2_28},
	author = {Frytak, Jennifer R. and Harley, Carolyn R. and Finch, Michael D.},
	editor = {Mortimer, Jeylan T and Shanahan, Michael J.}
}
@article {6604,
	title = {Symposium on Work, Retirement and Wealth: Current Data and Future Needs: An International Perspective},
	journal = {Australasian Journal on Ageing},
	volume = {17},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {supplement, 11-13},
	publisher = {17},
	abstract = {Discusses a cross-national symposium on elderly work, retirement, and wealth that drew on the US Health and Retirement Study and Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the Netherlands Household Panel Study, the German Socioeconomic Panel, and several East and Southeast Asian datasets.},
	keywords = {Demographics, Employment and Labor Force, Net Worth and Assets, Retirement Planning and Satisfaction},
	author = {R.V. Burkhauser and Robert Clark and Richard M. Suzman}
}
