@article {5817,
	title = {What Is The Impact Of Foreclosures On Retirement Security?},
	year = {2010},
	institution = {Center for Retirement Research at Boston College},
	abstract = {Using data from several sources, we show that households nearing retirement have lower rates of housing distress than younger households, as measured by arrears and foreclosure rates. However, almost all of the housing wealth gains observed for cohorts aged 51-56 between 1992 and 2004 were erased by 2010, while their mortgages have grown throughout. As a consequence, their loan-to-value ratios are considerably higher, though the percentage paying more than 30 percent of their household income towards their mortgage remains flat. Worrisomely, their financial wealth also declined between 2004 and 2010. Declines in house prices will adversely affect households that need to liquidate housing wealth, and rising mortgage obligations will increase pressure on retirement resources. We develop an econometric model to show factors associated with housing distress and then use the results to forecast housing distress among older households through 2012. We project that the risk of arrears will increase to 3.4 percent in 2010 and 4.4 percent by 2012. We also find that 6.7 percent of HRS households have children or other relatives who are facing housing distress, potentially putting further pressure on their retirement preparedness.},
	keywords = {Net Worth and Assets},
	url = {http://www.policyarchive.org/handle/10207/bitstreams/95949.pdf},
	author = {Irena Dushi and Friedberg, Leora and Anthony Webb}
}
@article {5719,
	title = {What Effect Do Time Constraints Have on the Age of Retirement?},
	number = {2008-17},
	year = {2008},
	institution = {Center for Retirement Research at Boston College},
	address = {Boston},
	abstract = {Work affects both the time available for non-market activities and the times at which those activities are performed   and therefore work-induced constraints on time use may influence retirement decisions. We analyze these effects by combining new data from the American Time Use Survey with information on retirement in the Health and Retirement Study. We find that the propensity to engage in three types of non-work activities   household production, leisure, and tertiary activities (eating, sleeping, grooming)   are substantially altered by work. Moreover, the ways in which the timing of these activities are distorted differ across ten different job types (industry-occupation combinations) that we examine in the ATUS. We use the resulting measures of time distortions as control variables in multinomial logit retirement models that we estimate in the HRS. Older workers in jobs with greater distortions to the quantity and timing of leisure activities have an increased propensity to leave those jobs, either for new jobs or for retirement. On the other hand, workers in jobs with greater distortions to household production have a reduced propensity to leave their jobs, and distortions to tertiary activities raise the propensity to take new jobs but reduce the propensity to retire.},
	keywords = {Employment and Labor Force, Net Worth and Assets, Retirement Planning and Satisfaction},
	url = {https://crr.bc.edu/working-papers/what-effect-do-time-constraints-have-on-the-age-of-retirement/},
	author = {Friedberg, Leora and Wei Sun and Anthony Webb}
}
@inbook {5214,
	title = {The Impact of Pensions on Nonpension Investment Choices},
	booktitle = {Redefining Retirement: How Will Boomers Fare?},
	year = {2007},
	note = {ProCite field 6 : In ProCite field 8 : eds},
	pages = {179-210},
	publisher = {Oxford University Press},
	organization = {Oxford University Press},
	address = {New York, NY},
	abstract = {This chapter documents the investment choices of workers outside their company pensions. The Health and Retirement Study is used to evaluate how investment patterns outside pension holdings have been influenced by the shift from defined benefit to defined contribution pensions. Since workers with defined benefit plans can expect steady income in retirement, they might be thought to invest less conservatively outside their pensions. Nevertheless, the data show otherwise. Defined contribution participants also hold stock investments outside their pension portfolios. These findings suggest that increased stock holding as defined benefit plans decline in importance.},
	keywords = {Consumption and Savings, Net Worth and Assets, Pensions},
	isbn = {9780199230778},
	doi = {DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199230778.003.0009},
	author = {Friedberg, Leora and Anthony Webb}
}
