@article {9964, title = {The burden of functional disabilities for middle-aged and older adults in the United States}, journal = {The Journal of Nutrition, Health \& Aging}, volume = {23}, year = {2019}, pages = {172-174}, abstract = {Understanding the role of functional capacity on longevity is important as the population in the United States ages. The purpose of this study was to determine the burden of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and activities of daily living (ADL) disabilities for a nationally-representative sample of middle-aged and older adults in the United States.}, keywords = {Activities of Daily Living, Disabilities, IADLS}, issn = {1279-7707}, doi = {10.1007/s12603-018-1133-2}, author = {Ryan P McGrath and Soham Al Snih and Kyriakos S Markides and Kyle J Hackney and Bailey, R. and Mark D Peterson} } @article {10433, title = {The burden of health conditions across race and ethnicity for aging Americans: Disability-adjusted life years.}, journal = {Medicine }, volume = {98}, year = {2019}, pages = {e17964}, abstract = {

Despite evidence suggesting race and ethnicity are important factors in responses to environmental exposures, drug therapies, and disease risk, few studies focus on the health needs of racially- and ethnically-diverse aging adults.The objective of this study was to determine the burden of 10 health conditions across race and ethnicity for a nationally-representative sample of aging Americans.Data from the 1998 to 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, an ongoing longitudinal-panel study, were analyzed.Those aged over 50 years who identified as Black, Hispanic, or White were included. There were 5510 Blacks, 3423 Hispanics, and 21,168 Whites in the study.At each wave, participants reported if they had cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, back pain, hypertension, a fractured hip, myocardial infarction, rheumatism or arthritis, and a stroke. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated for each health condition by race and ethnicity. Ranked DALYs determined how race and ethnicity was differentially impacted by the burden of each health condition. Sample weights were utilized to make DALY estimates nationally-representative.Weighted DALY estimates (in thousands) ranged from 1405 to 55,631 for Blacks, 931 to 28,442 for Hispanics, and 15,313 to 295,623 for Whites. Although the health conditions affected each race and ethnicity differently, hypertension had the largest number of DALYs, and hip fractures had the fewest across race and ethnicity. In total, there were an estimated 198,621, 101,462, and 1,187,725 DALYs for older Black, Hispanic, and White aging adults.Our findings indicate that race and ethnicity may be influential on health and disease for aging adults in the United States. Monitoring DALYs may help guide the flow of health-related expenditures, improve the impact of health interventions, advance inclusive health care for diverse aging adult populations, and prepare healthcare providers for serving the health needs of aging adults.

}, keywords = {Disability, health conditions, race}, issn = {1536-5964}, doi = {10.1097/MD.0000000000017964}, author = {Ryan P McGrath and Soham Al Snih and Kyriakos S Markides and Jessica Faul and Brenda Vincent and Orman T Hall and Mark D Peterson} } @article {10052, title = {The burden of health conditions for middle-aged and older adults in the United States: Disability-adjusted life years.}, journal = {BMC Geriatrics}, volume = {19}, year = {2019}, pages = {100}, abstract = {

BACKGROUND: Many adults are living longer with health conditions in the United States. Understanding the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for such health conditions may help to inform healthcare providers and their patients, guide health interventions, reduce healthcare costs, improve quality of life, and increase longevity for aging Americans. The purpose of this study was to determine the burden of 10 health conditions for a nationally-representative sample of adults aged 50 years and older in the United States.

METHODS: Data from the 1998-2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study were analyzed. At each wave, participants indicated if they were diagnosed with the following 10 conditions: cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease~(COPD), congestive heart failure, diabetes, back pain, hypertension, a fractured hip, myocardial infarction, rheumatism or arthritis, and a stroke. Years lived with a disability and years of life lost to premature mortality were summed for calculating DALYs. Sample weights were utilized in the analyses to make the DALY estimates nationally-representative. Results for the DALYs were presented in thousands.

RESULTS: There were 30,101 participants included. Sex stratified DALY estimates ranged from 4092 (fractured hip)-to-178,055 (hypertension) for men and 13,621 (fractured hip)-to-200,794 (hypertension) for women. The weighted overall DALYs were: 17,660 for hip fractures, 62,630 for congestive heart failure, 64,710 for myocardial infarction, 90,337 for COPD, 93,996 for stroke, 142,012 for cancer, 117,534 for diabetes, 186,586 for back pain, 333,420 for arthritis, and 378,849 for hypertension. In total, there were an estimated 1,487,734 years of healthy life lost from the 10 health conditions examined~over the study period.

CONCLUSIONS: The burden of these health conditions accounted for over a million years of healthy life lost for middle-aged and older Americans over the 16 year study period. Our results should be used to inform healthcare providers and guide health interventions aiming to improve the health of middle-aged and older adults. Moreover, shifting health policy and resources to match DALY trends may help to improve quality of life during aging and longevity.

}, keywords = {Comorbidity, Disabilities, Longevity}, issn = {1471-2318}, doi = {10.1186/s12877-019-1110-6}, author = {Ryan P McGrath and Soham Al Snih and Kyriakos S Markides and Orman T Hall and Mark D Peterson} }