@article {7646, title = {Consequences of stroke in community-dwelling elderly: the health and retirement study, 1998 to 2008.}, journal = {Stroke}, volume = {42}, year = {2011}, note = {Divani, Afshin A Majidi, Shahram Barrett, Anna M Noorbaloochi, Siamak Luft, Andreas R K24 HD062647-01/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States K24 HD062647-02/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States K24HD062647/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States R01 NS055808/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States R01 NS055808-01A2/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States R01 NS055808-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States R01 NS055808-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States R01 NS055808-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t United States Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation Nihms297056 Stroke. 2011 Jul;42(7):1821-5. Epub 2011 May 19.}, month = {2011 Jul}, pages = {1821-5}, publisher = {42}, abstract = {

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stroke survivors are at risk of developing comorbidities that further reduce their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of developing a secondary health problem after stroke.

METHODS: We performed a case-control analysis using 6 biennial interview waves (1998 to 2008) of the Health and Retirement Study. We compared 631 noninstitutionalized individuals who had a single stroke with 631 control subjects matched for age, gender, and interview wave. We studied sleep problems, urinary incontinence, motor impairment, falls, and memory deficits among the 2 groups.

RESULTS: Stroke survivors frequently developed new or worsened motor impairment (33\%), sleep problems (up to 33\%), falls (30\%), urinary incontinence (19\%), and memory deficits (9\%). As compared with control subjects, the risk of developing a secondary health problem was highest for memory deficits (OR, 2.45; 95\% CI, 1.34 to 4.46) followed by urinary incontinence (OR, 1.86; 95\% CI, 1.31 to 2.66), motor impairment (OR, 1.61; 95\% CI, 1.16 to 2.24), falls (OR, 1.5; 95\% CI, 1.12 to 2.0), and sleep disturbances (OR, 1.49; 95\% CI, 1.09 to 2.03). In contrast, stroke survivors were not more likely to injure themselves during a fall (OR, 1.14; 95\% CI, 0.72 to 1.79). After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, social status, psychiatric symptoms, and pain, the risks of falling or developing sleep problems were not different from the control subjects.

CONCLUSIONS: The risk of developing a secondary health problem that can impact daily life is markedly increased after stroke. A better understanding of frequencies and risks for secondary health problems after stroke is necessary for designing better preventive and rehabilitation strategies.

}, keywords = {Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Female, Geriatrics, Humans, Male, Quality of Life, Retirement, Risk, Social Environment, Stroke}, issn = {1524-4628}, doi = {10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.607630}, author = {Afshin A Divani and Shahram Majidi and Anna M Barrett and Noorbaloochi, Siamak and Andreas R Luft} }