@article {9999,
	title = {Environmental bottlenecks in children{\textquoteright}s genetic potential for adult socio-economic attainments: Evidence from a health shock.},
	journal = {Population Studies (Camb)},
	volume = {73},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {139-148},
	abstract = {This paper explores gene-environment interactions-interactions between family environments and children{\textquoteright}s genetic predispositions-in determining educational attainment. The central question is whether poor childhood family environments reduce children{\textquoteright}s ability to leverage their genetic gifts to achieve high levels of educational attainment-are there important {\textquoteright}bottlenecks{\textquoteright} for poor children? The multigenerational information and genetic data contained in the United States{\textquoteright} Health and Retirement Study are used to separate two mechanisms for intergenerational transmission of socio-economic status: genetic endowments and family environments. Using parental in utero exposure to the 1918-19 influenza pandemic as a source of quasi-experimental variation in family environments (that did not affect children{\textquoteright}s genetic endowments), I estimate interactions between parental investments and children{\textquoteright}s genetic potential. The main finding suggests that girls with high genetic potential whose fathers were exposed to influenza face reduced educational attainments-a gene-environment interaction-but there is no similar effect for boys.},
	keywords = {Childhood adversity, Genetics, Health Shocks},
	issn = {1477-4747},
	doi = {10.1080/00324728.2018.1498533},
	author = {Jason M. Fletcher}
}
@article {7556,
	title = {The effect of job loss on overweight and drinking.},
	journal = {J Health Econ},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2011},
	month = {2011 Mar},
	pages = {317-27},
	publisher = {30},
	abstract = {<p>This paper examines the impact of job loss due to business closings on body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption. We suggest that the ambiguous findings in the extant literature may be due in part to unobserved heterogeneity in response and in part due to an overly broad measure of job loss that is partially endogenous (e.g., layoffs). We improve upon this literature using: exogenously determined business closings, a sophisticated estimation approach (finite mixture models) to deal with complex heterogeneity, and national, longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study. For both alcohol consumption and BMI, we find evidence that individuals who are more likely to respond to job loss by increasing unhealthy behaviors are already in the problematic range for these behaviors before losing their jobs. These results suggest the health effects of job loss could be concentrated among "at risk" individuals and could lead to negative outcomes for the individuals, their families, and society at large.</p>},
	keywords = {Alcohol Drinking, Body Mass Index, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Overweight, Unemployment, United States},
	issn = {1879-1646},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jhealeco.2010.12.009},
	author = {Deb, Partha and William T Gallo and Padmaja Ayyagari and Jason M. Fletcher and Jody L Sindelar}
}
