TY - JOUR T1 - DOES INCIDENT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE LEAD TO GREATER ODDS OF DISABILITY? INSIGHTS FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY JF - Journal of the American College of Cardiology Y1 - 2023 A1 - Katherine L. Stone A1 - Judy Zhong A1 - Chen Lyu A1 - Joshua Chodosh A1 - Nina Blachman A1 - John A. Dodson KW - Cardiovascular disease VL - 81 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trajectories of cognitive function in late life in the United States: demographic and socioeconomic predictors. JF - Am J Epidemiol Y1 - 2009 A1 - Arun S Karlamangla A1 - Miller-Martinez, Dana A1 - Carol S Aneshensel A1 - Teresa Seeman A1 - Richard G Wight A1 - Joshua Chodosh KW - Aged KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Aging KW - Black or African American KW - Cognition KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Education KW - Female KW - Geriatric Assessment KW - Hispanic or Latino KW - Humans KW - Income KW - Male KW - Marital Status KW - Mexican Americans KW - Poverty KW - Sampling Studies KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - United States KW - White People AB -

This study used mixed-effects modeling of data from a national sample of 6,476 US adults born before 1924, who were tested 5 times between 1993 and 2002 on word recall, serial 7's, and other mental status items to determine demographic and socioeconomic predictors of trajectories of cognitive function in older Americans. Mean decline with aging in total cognition score (range, 0-35; standard deviation, 6.00) was 4.1 (0.68 standard deviations) per decade (95% confidence interval: 3.8, 4.4) and in recall score (range, 0-20; standard deviation, 3.84) was 2.3 (0.60 standard deviations) per decade (95% confidence interval: 2.1, 2.5). Older cohorts (compared with younger cohorts), women (compared with men), widows/widowers, and those never married (both compared with married individuals) declined faster, and non-Hispanic blacks (compared with non-Hispanic whites) and those in the bottom income quintile (compared with the top quintile) declined slower. Race and income differences in rates of decline were not sufficient to offset larger differences in baseline cognition scores. Educational level was not associated with rate of decline in cognition scores. The authors concluded that ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in cognitive function in older Americans arise primarily from differences in peak cognitive performance achieved earlier in the life course and less from declines in later life.

PB - 170 VL - 170 IS - 3 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19605514?dopt=Abstract U2 - PMC2727175 U4 - Cognition/health outcomes/Socioeconomic Factors ER -