TY - JOUR T1 - Discovery and fine-mapping of height loci via high-density imputation of GWASs in individuals of African ancestry. JF - The American Journal of Human Genetics Y1 - 2021 A1 - Graff, Mariaelisa A1 - Justice, Anne E A1 - Young, Kristin L A1 - Marouli, Eirini A1 - Zhang, Xinruo A1 - Fine, Rebecca S A1 - Lim, Elise A1 - Buchanan, Victoria A1 - Rand, Kristin A1 - Feitosa, Mary F A1 - Wojczynski, Mary K A1 - Yanek, Lisa R A1 - Shao, Yaming A1 - Rohde, Rebecca A1 - Adeyemo, Adebowale A A1 - Aldrich, Melinda C A1 - Matthew A. Allison A1 - Ambrosone, Christine B A1 - Ambs, Stefan A1 - Amos, Christopher A1 - Donna K Arnett A1 - Atwood, Larry A1 - Bandera, Elisa V A1 - Traci M Bartz A1 - Becker, Diane M A1 - Berndt, Sonja I A1 - Bernstein, Leslie A1 - Bielak, Lawrence F A1 - Blot, William J A1 - Erwin P Bottinger A1 - Bowden, Donald W A1 - Bradfield, Jonathan P A1 - Brody, Jennifer A A1 - Broeckel, Ulrich A1 - Burke, Gregory A1 - Brian E Cade A1 - Cai, Qiuyin A1 - Caporaso, Neil A1 - Carlson, Chris A1 - John Carpten A1 - Casey, Graham A1 - Chanock, Stephen J A1 - Chen, Guanjie A1 - Chen, Minhui A1 - Chen, Yii-Der I A1 - Chen, Wei-Min A1 - Chesi, Alessandra A1 - Chiang, Charleston W K A1 - Chu, Lisa A1 - Coetzee, Gerry A A1 - Conti, David V A1 - Cooper, Richard S A1 - Cushman, Mary A1 - Ellen W Demerath A1 - Deming, Sandra L A1 - Dimitrov, Latchezar A1 - Ding, Jingzhong A1 - Diver, W Ryan A1 - Duan, Qing A1 - Michele K Evans A1 - Falusi, Adeyinka G A1 - Jessica Faul A1 - Myriam Fornage A1 - Caroline S Fox A1 - Freedman, Barry I A1 - Garcia, Melissa A1 - Gillanders, Elizabeth M A1 - Phyllis J Goodman A1 - Gottesman, Omri A1 - Grant, Struan F A A1 - Guo, Xiuqing A1 - Hakonarson, Hakon A1 - Haritunians, Talin A1 - Tamara B Harris A1 - Harris, Curtis C A1 - Henderson, Brian E A1 - Hennis, Anselm A1 - Dena G Hernandez A1 - Hirschhorn, Joel N A1 - McNeill, Lorna Haughton A1 - Howard, Timothy D A1 - Howard, Barbara A1 - Hsing, Ann W A1 - Hsu, Yu-Han H A1 - Hu, Jennifer J A1 - Huff, Chad D A1 - Huo, Dezheng A1 - Ingles, Sue A A1 - Irvin, Marguerite R A1 - John, Esther M A1 - Johnson, Karen C A1 - Jordan, Joanne M A1 - Kabagambe, Edmond K A1 - Kang, Sun J A1 - Sharon L R Kardia A1 - Keating, Brendan J A1 - Rick A Kittles A1 - Eric A Klein A1 - Kolb, Suzanne A1 - Kolonel, Laurence N A1 - Charles Kooperberg A1 - Kuller, Lewis A1 - Kutlar, Abdullah A1 - Leslie A Lange A1 - Langefeld, Carl D A1 - Loic Le Marchand A1 - Leonard, Hampton A1 - Lettre, Guillaume A1 - Levin, Albert M A1 - Li, Yun A1 - Li, Jin A1 - Liu, Yongmei A1 - Liu, Youfang A1 - Liu, Simin A1 - Kurt Lohman A1 - Lotay, Vaneet A1 - Lu, Yingchang A1 - Maixner, William A1 - JoAnn E Manson A1 - McKnight, Barbara A1 - Meng, Yan A1 - Monda, Keri L A1 - Monroe, Kris A1 - Moore, Jason H A1 - Thomas H Mosley A1 - Mudgal, Poorva A1 - Murphy, Adam B A1 - Nadukuru, Rajiv A1 - Michael A Nalls A1 - Nathanson, Katherine L A1 - Nayak, Uma A1 - N'Diaye, Amidou A1 - Nemesure, Barbara A1 - Neslund-Dudas, Christine A1 - Neuhouser, Marian L A1 - Nyante, Sarah A1 - Ochs-Balcom, Heather A1 - Ogundiran, Temidayo O A1 - Ogunniyi, Adesola A1 - Ojengbede, Oladosu A1 - Okut, Hayrettin A1 - Olopade, Olufunmilayo I A1 - Olshan, Andrew A1 - Padhukasahasram, Badri A1 - Palmer, Julie A1 - Palmer, Cameron D A1 - Palmer, Nicholette D A1 - George J Papanicolaou A1 - Patel, Sanjay R A1 - Pettaway, Curtis A A1 - Peyser, Patricia A A1 - Press, Michael F A1 - Rao, D C A1 - Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J A1 - Redline, Susan A1 - Reiner, Alex P A1 - Rhie, Suhn K A1 - Rodriguez-Gil, Jorge L A1 - Charles N Rotimi A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A A1 - Rybicki, Benjamin A A1 - Babatunde Salako A1 - Sale, Michele M A1 - Sanderson, Maureen A1 - Eric E Schadt A1 - Schreiner, Pamela J A1 - Schurmann, Claudia A1 - Schwartz, Ann G A1 - Daniel Shriner A1 - Signorello, Lisa B A1 - Andrew B Singleton A1 - David S Siscovick A1 - Smith, Jennifer A A1 - Smith, Shad A1 - Elizabeth K Speliotes A1 - Spitz, Margaret A1 - Stanford, Janet L A1 - Stevens, Victoria L A1 - Stram, Alex A1 - Strom, Sara S A1 - Sucheston, Lara A1 - Yan V Sun A1 - Tajuddin, Salman M A1 - Taylor, Herman A1 - Taylor, Kira A1 - Bamidele O Tayo A1 - Michael J Thun A1 - Tucker, Margaret A A1 - Vaidya, Dhananjay A1 - Van Den Berg, David J A1 - Vedantam, Sailaja A1 - Vitolins, Mara A1 - Wang, Zhaoming A1 - Erin B Ware A1 - Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia A1 - David R Weir A1 - Wiencke, John K A1 - Williams, Scott M A1 - L Keoki Williams A1 - Wilson, James G A1 - Witte, John S A1 - Wrensch, Margaret A1 - Wu, Xifeng A1 - Yao, Jie A1 - Zakai, Neil A1 - Zanetti, Krista A1 - Zemel, Babette S A1 - Zhao, Wei A1 - Jing Hua Zhao A1 - Zheng, Wei A1 - Zhi, Degui A1 - Zhou, Jie A1 - Zhu, Xiaofeng A1 - Ziegler, Regina G A1 - Zmuda, Joe A1 - Alan B Zonderman A1 - Psaty, Bruce M A1 - Ingrid B Borecki A1 - Cupples, L Adrienne A1 - Liu, Ching-Ti A1 - Christopher A Haiman A1 - Ruth J F Loos A1 - Ng, Maggie C Y A1 - Kari E North KW - Africa KW - African Americans KW - Blacks KW - Body Height KW - Europe KW - Female KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide AB -

Although many loci have been associated with height in European ancestry populations, very few have been identified in African ancestry individuals. Furthermore, many of the known loci have yet to be generalized to and fine-mapped within a large-scale African ancestry sample. We performed sex-combined and sex-stratified meta-analyses in up to 52,764 individuals with height and genome-wide genotyping data from the African Ancestry Anthropometry Genetics Consortium (AAAGC). We additionally combined our African ancestry meta-analysis results with published European genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. In the African ancestry analyses, we identified three novel loci (SLC4A3, NCOA2, ECD/FAM149B1) in sex-combined results and two loci (CRB1, KLF6) in women only. In the African plus European sex-combined GWAS, we identified an additional three novel loci (RCCD1, G6PC3, CEP95) which were equally driven by AAAGC and European results. Among 39 genome-wide significant signals at known loci, conditioning index SNPs from European studies identified 20 secondary signals. Two of the 20 new secondary signals and none of the 8 novel loci had minor allele frequencies (MAF) < 5%. Of 802 known European height signals, 643 displayed directionally consistent associations with height, of which 205 were nominally significant (p < 0.05) in the African ancestry sex-combined sample. Furthermore, 148 of 241 loci contained ≤20 variants in the credible sets that jointly account for 99% of the posterior probability of driving the associations. In summary, trans-ethnic meta-analyses revealed novel signals and further improved fine-mapping of putative causal variants in loci shared between African and European ancestry populations.

VL - 108 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meta-analysis of up to 622,409 individuals identifies 40 novel smoking behaviour associated genetic loci. JF - Molecular Psychiatry Y1 - 2020 A1 - Erzurumluoglu, A Mesut A1 - Liu, Mengzhen A1 - Jackson, Victoria E A1 - Barnes, Daniel R A1 - Datta, Gargi A1 - Melbourne, Carl A A1 - Young, Robin A1 - Batini, Chiara A1 - Surendran, Praveen A1 - Jiang, Tao A1 - Adnan, Sheikh Daud A1 - Afaq, Saima A1 - Agrawal, Arpana A1 - Altmaier, Elisabeth A1 - Antoniou, Antonis C A1 - Asselbergs, Folkert W A1 - Baumbach, Clemens A1 - Laura Bierut A1 - Bertelsen, Sarah A1 - Boehnke, Michael A1 - Bots, Michiel L A1 - Brazel, David M A1 - Chambers, John C A1 - Chang-Claude, Jenny A1 - Chen, Chu A1 - Corley, Janie A1 - Chou, Yi-Ling A1 - David, Sean P A1 - de Boer, Rudolf A A1 - Christiaan de Leeuw A1 - Joe G Dennis A1 - Dominiczak, Anna F A1 - Dunning, Alison M A1 - Easton, Douglas F A1 - Charles B Eaton A1 - Elliott, Paul A1 - Evangelou, Evangelos A1 - Jessica Faul A1 - Tatiana Foroud A1 - Goate, Alison A1 - Gong, Jian A1 - Hans-Jörgen Grabe A1 - Jeffrey Haessler A1 - Christopher A Haiman A1 - Hallmans, Göran A1 - Anke R Hammerschlag A1 - Sarah E Harris A1 - Andrew T Hattersley A1 - Andrew C Heath A1 - Hsu, Chris A1 - Iacono, William G A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Kapoor, Manav A1 - Kaprio, Jaakko A1 - Sharon L R Kardia A1 - Karpe, Fredrik A1 - Kontto, Jukka A1 - Kooner, Jaspal S A1 - Charles Kooperberg A1 - Kuulasmaa, Kari A1 - Laakso, Markku A1 - Lai, Dongbing A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Le, Nhung A1 - Lettre, Guillaume A1 - Loukola, Anu A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Pamela A F Madden A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Riccardo E Marioni A1 - Marouli, Eirini A1 - Marten, Jonathan A1 - Nicholas G Martin A1 - McGue, Matt A1 - Michailidou, Kyriaki A1 - Mihailov, Evelin A1 - Moayyeri, Alireza A1 - Moitry, Marie A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Naheed, Aliya A1 - Nauck, Matthias A1 - Neville, Matthew J A1 - Sune Fallgaard Nielsen A1 - Kari E North A1 - Markus Perola A1 - Pharoah, Paul D P A1 - Pistis, Giorgio A1 - Tinca J Polderman A1 - Posthuma, Danielle A1 - Neil Poulter A1 - Qaiser, Beenish A1 - Rasheed, Asif A1 - Reiner, Alex A1 - Renstrom, Frida A1 - Rice, John A1 - Rohde, Rebecca A1 - Rolandsson, Olov A1 - Nilesh J Samani A1 - Samuel, Maria A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - H Steven Scholte A1 - Scott, Robert A A1 - Peter Sever A1 - Shao, Yaming A1 - Shrine, Nick A1 - Smith, Jennifer A A1 - John M Starr A1 - Kathleen E Stirrups A1 - Stram, Danielle A1 - Heather M Stringham A1 - Tachmazidou, Ioanna A1 - Tardif, Jean-Claude A1 - Thompson, Deborah J A1 - Hilary A Tindle A1 - Tragante, Vinicius A1 - Trompet, Stella A1 - Turcot, Valérie A1 - Tyrrell, Jessica A1 - Vaartjes, Ilonca A1 - Van Der Leij, Andries R A1 - van der Meer, Peter A1 - Varga, Tibor V A1 - Verweij, Niek A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Warren, Helen R A1 - David R Weir A1 - Weiss, Stefan A1 - Wetherill, Leah A1 - Yaghootkar, Hanieh A1 - Yavas, Ersin A1 - Jiang, Yu A1 - Chen, Fang A1 - Zhan, Xiaowei A1 - Zhang, Weihua A1 - Zhao, Wei A1 - Zhao, Wei A1 - Zhou, Kaixin A1 - Amouyel, Philippe A1 - Blankenberg, Stefan A1 - Caulfield, Mark J A1 - Chowdhury, Rajiv A1 - Francesco Cucca A1 - Ian J Deary A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Di Angelantonio, Emanuele A1 - Marco M Ferrario A1 - Ferrières, Jean A1 - Franks, Paul W A1 - Timothy M Frayling A1 - Frossard, Philippe A1 - Hall, Ian P A1 - Caroline Hayward A1 - Jansson, Jan-Håkan A1 - Jukema, J Wouter A1 - Kee, Frank A1 - Männistö, Satu A1 - Andres Metspalu A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Børge G Nordestgaard A1 - Palmer, Colin N A A1 - Veikko Salomaa A1 - Sattar, Naveed A1 - Timothy Spector A1 - David P Strachan A1 - van der Harst, Pim A1 - Zeggini, Eleftheria A1 - Saleheen, Danish A1 - Adam S Butterworth A1 - Wain, Louise V A1 - Gonçalo R Abecasis A1 - Danesh, John A1 - Tobin, Martin D A1 - Scott Vrieze A1 - Liu, Dajiang J A1 - Howson, Joanna M M KW - Biological Specimen Banks KW - Databases, Factual KW - Europe KW - Exome KW - Female KW - Genetic Loci KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Smoking KW - United Kingdom AB -

Smoking is a major heritable and modifiable risk factor for many diseases, including cancer, common respiratory disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Fourteen genetic loci have previously been associated with smoking behaviour-related traits. We tested up to 235,116 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) on the exome-array for association with smoking initiation, cigarettes per day, pack-years, and smoking cessation in a fixed effects meta-analysis of up to 61 studies (up to 346,813 participants). In a subset of 112,811 participants, a further one million SNVs were also genotyped and tested for association with the four smoking behaviour traits. SNV-trait associations with P < 5 × 10 in either analysis were taken forward for replication in up to 275,596 independent participants from UK Biobank. Lastly, a meta-analysis of the discovery and replication studies was performed. Sixteen SNVs were associated with at least one of the smoking behaviour traits (P < 5 × 10) in the discovery samples. Ten novel SNVs, including rs12616219 near TMEM182, were followed-up and five of them (rs462779 in REV3L, rs12780116 in CNNM2, rs1190736 in GPR101, rs11539157 in PJA1, and rs12616219 near TMEM182) replicated at a Bonferroni significance threshold (P < 4.5 × 10) with consistent direction of effect. A further 35 SNVs were associated with smoking behaviour traits in the discovery plus replication meta-analysis (up to 622,409 participants) including a rare SNV, rs150493199, in CCDC141 and two low-frequency SNVs in CEP350 and HDGFRP2. Functional follow-up implied that decreased expression of REV3L may lower the probability of smoking initiation. The novel loci will facilitate understanding the genetic aetiology of smoking behaviour and may lead to the identification of potential drug targets for smoking prevention and/or cessation.

VL - 25 IS - 10 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protein-altering variants associated with body mass index implicate pathways that control energy intake and expenditure in obesity. JF - Nat Genet Y1 - 2018 A1 - Turcot, Valérie A1 - Lu, Yingchang A1 - Highland, Heather M A1 - Schurmann, Claudia A1 - Justice, Anne E A1 - Fine, Rebecca S A1 - Bradfield, Jonathan P A1 - Tõnu Esko A1 - Giri, Ayush A1 - Graff, Mariaelisa A1 - Guo, Xiuqing A1 - Hendricks, Audrey E A1 - Karaderi, Tugce A1 - Lempradl, Adelheid A1 - Locke, Adam E A1 - Mahajan, Anubha A1 - Marouli, Eirini A1 - Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh A1 - Young, Kristin L A1 - Alfred, Tamuno A1 - Feitosa, Mary F A1 - Masca, Nicholas G D A1 - Alisa Manning A1 - Medina-Gomez, Carolina A1 - Mudgal, Poorva A1 - Ng, Maggie C Y A1 - Reiner, Alex P A1 - Vedantam, Sailaja A1 - Willems, Sara M A1 - Thomas W Winkler A1 - Gonçalo R Abecasis A1 - Aben, Katja K A1 - Alam, Dewan S A1 - Alharthi, Sameer E A1 - Matthew A. Allison A1 - Amouyel, Philippe A1 - Asselbergs, Folkert W A1 - Auer, Paul L A1 - Balkau, Beverley A1 - Bang, Lia E A1 - Barroso, Inês A1 - Bastarache, Lisa A1 - Benn, Marianne A1 - Bergmann, Sven A1 - Bielak, Lawrence F A1 - Blüher, Matthias A1 - Boehnke, Michael A1 - Boeing, Heiner A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Böger, Carsten A A1 - Bork-Jensen, Jette A1 - Bots, Michiel L A1 - Erwin P Bottinger A1 - Bowden, Donald W A1 - Brandslund, Ivan A1 - Breen, Gerome A1 - Brilliant, Murray H A1 - Broer, Linda A1 - Brumat, Marco A1 - Burt, Amber A A1 - Adam S Butterworth A1 - Campbell, Peter T A1 - Cappellani, Stefania A1 - Carey, David J A1 - Catamo, Eulalia A1 - Caulfield, Mark J A1 - Chambers, John C A1 - Daniel I Chasman A1 - Yii-Der I Chen A1 - Chowdhury, Rajiv A1 - Cramer Christensen A1 - Chu, Audrey Y A1 - Cocca, Massimiliano A1 - Collins, Francis S A1 - Cook, James P A1 - Corley, Janie A1 - Jordi Corominas Galbany A1 - Cox, Amanda J A1 - Crosslin, David S A1 - Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel A1 - D'Eustacchio, Angela A1 - Danesh, John A1 - Gail Davies A1 - Bakker, Paul I W A1 - Groot, Mark C H A1 - Mutsert, Renée A1 - Ian J Deary A1 - George Dedoussis A1 - Ellen W Demerath A1 - Heijer, Martin A1 - Anneke I den Hollander A1 - Hester M den Ruijter A1 - Joe G Dennis A1 - Denny, Josh C A1 - Angelantonio, Emanuele A1 - Drenos, Fotios A1 - Du, Mengmeng A1 - Dubé, Marie-Pierre A1 - Dunning, Alison M A1 - Easton, Douglas F A1 - Edwards, Todd L A1 - Ellinghaus, David A1 - Ellinor, Patrick T A1 - Elliott, Paul A1 - Evangelou, Evangelos A1 - Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni A1 - Farooqi, I Sadaf A1 - Jessica Faul A1 - Fauser, Sascha A1 - Feng, Shuang A1 - Ferrannini, Ele A1 - Ferrières, Jean A1 - Florez, Jose C A1 - Ford, Ian A1 - Myriam Fornage A1 - Franco, Oscar H A1 - Franke, Andre A1 - Franks, Paul W A1 - Friedrich, Nele A1 - Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth A1 - Galesloot, Tessel E A1 - Gan, Wei A1 - Gandin, Ilaria A1 - Paolo P. Gasparini A1 - Gibson, Jane A1 - Giedraitis, Vilmantas A1 - Gjesing, Anette P A1 - Gordon-Larsen, Penny A1 - Gorski, Mathias A1 - Hans-Jörgen Grabe A1 - Grant, Struan F A A1 - Grarup, Niels A1 - Griffiths, Helen L A1 - Grove, Megan L A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Gustafsson, Stefan A1 - Jeffrey Haessler A1 - Hakonarson, Hakon A1 - Anke R Hammerschlag A1 - Hansen, Torben A1 - Tamara B Harris A1 - Andrew T Hattersley A1 - Have, Christian T A1 - Caroline Hayward A1 - He, Liang A1 - Heard-Costa, Nancy L A1 - Andrew C Heath A1 - Iris M Heid A1 - Helgeland, Øyvind A1 - Hernesniemi, Jussi A1 - Hewitt, Alex W A1 - Oddgeir L Holmen A1 - Hovingh, G Kees A1 - Howson, Joanna M M A1 - Hu, Yao A1 - Huang, Paul L A1 - Huffman, Jennifer E A1 - Mohammed Arfan Ikram A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Jackson, Anne U A1 - Jansson, Jan-Håkan A1 - Jarvik, Gail P A1 - Jensen, Gorm B A1 - Jia, Yucheng A1 - Johansson, Stefan A1 - Jørgensen, Marit E A1 - Jørgensen, Torben A1 - Jukema, J Wouter A1 - Kahali, Bratati A1 - Kahn, René S A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Kamstrup, Pia R A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Kaprio, Jaakko A1 - Karaleftheri, Maria A1 - Sharon L R Kardia A1 - Karpe, Fredrik A1 - Kathiresan, Sekar A1 - Kee, Frank A1 - Lambertus A Kiemeney A1 - Eric S Kim A1 - Kitajima, Hidetoshi A1 - Komulainen, Pirjo A1 - Kooner, Jaspal S A1 - Charles Kooperberg A1 - Korhonen, Tellervo A1 - Kovacs, Peter A1 - Kuivaniemi, Helena A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Kuulasmaa, Kari A1 - Kuusisto, Johanna A1 - Laakso, Markku A1 - Lakka, Timo A A1 - Lamparter, David A1 - Lange, Ethan M A1 - Leslie A Lange A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Eric B Larson A1 - Lee, Nanette R A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Lewis, Cora E A1 - Li, Huaixing A1 - Li, Jin A1 - Li-Gao, Ruifang A1 - Lin, Honghuang A1 - Lin, Keng-Hung A1 - Lin, Li-An A1 - Lin, Xu A1 - Lars Lind A1 - Lindström, Jaana A1 - Linneberg, Allan A1 - Liu, Ching-Ti A1 - Liu, Dajiang J A1 - Yongmei Liu A1 - Ken Sin Lo A1 - Lophatananon, Artitaya A1 - Lotery, Andrew J A1 - Loukola, Anu A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Lubitz, Steven A A1 - Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka A1 - Männistö, Satu A1 - Marenne, Gaëlle A1 - Mazul, Angela L A1 - McCarthy, Mark I A1 - McKean-Cowdin, Roberta A1 - Sarah E Medland A1 - Meidtner, Karina A1 - Lili Milani A1 - Mistry, Vanisha A1 - Mitchell, Paul A1 - Mohlke, Karen L A1 - Moilanen, Leena A1 - Moitry, Marie A1 - Grant W Montgomery A1 - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori A1 - Moore, Carmel A1 - Mori, Trevor A A1 - Morris, Andrew D A1 - Morris, Andrew P A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Michael A Nalls A1 - Narisu, Narisu A1 - Nelson, Christopher P A1 - Neville, Matt A1 - Sune Fallgaard Nielsen A1 - Nikus, Kjell A1 - Njølstad, Pål R A1 - Børge G Nordestgaard A1 - Nyholt, Dale R A1 - Jeff O'Connell A1 - O'Donoghue, Michelle L A1 - Ophoff, Roel A A1 - Owen, Katharine R A1 - Packard, Chris J A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh A1 - Palmer, Colin N A A1 - Palmer, Nicholette D A1 - Pasterkamp, Gerard A1 - Patel, Aniruddh P A1 - Pattie, Alison A1 - Pedersen, Oluf A1 - Peissig, Peggy L A1 - Peloso, Gina M A1 - Pennell, Craig E A1 - Markus Perola A1 - Perry, James A A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Pers, Tune H A1 - Person, Thomas N A1 - Peters, Annette A1 - Petersen, Eva R B A1 - Peyser, Patricia A A1 - Pirie, Ailith A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Tinca J Polderman A1 - Puolijoki, Hannu A1 - Olli T Raitakari A1 - Rasheed, Asif A1 - Rauramaa, Rainer A1 - Reilly, Dermot F A1 - Renstrom, Frida A1 - Rheinberger, Myriam A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Rioux, John D A1 - Rivas, Manuel A A1 - Roberts, David J A1 - Neil R Robertson A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Rolandsson, Olov A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Ruth, Katherine S A1 - Saleheen, Danish A1 - Veikko Salomaa A1 - Nilesh J Samani A1 - Sapkota, Yadav A1 - Sattar, Naveed A1 - Schoen, Robert E A1 - Schreiner, Pamela J A1 - Schulze, Matthias B A1 - Scott, Robert A A1 - Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P A1 - Svati H Shah A1 - Sheu, Wayne H-H A1 - Sim, Xueling A1 - Slater, Andrew J A1 - Small, Kerrin S A1 - Albert Vernon Smith A1 - Southam, Lorraine A1 - Timothy Spector A1 - Elizabeth K Speliotes A1 - John M Starr A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur A1 - Kathleen E Stirrups A1 - Strauch, Konstantin A1 - Heather M Stringham A1 - Stumvoll, Michael A1 - Sun, Liang A1 - Surendran, Praveen A1 - Swift, Amy J A1 - Tada, Hayato A1 - Tansey, Katherine E A1 - Tardif, Jean-Claude A1 - Kent D Taylor A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Thompson, Deborah J A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Thuesen, Betina H A1 - Tönjes, Anke A1 - Tromp, Gerard A1 - Trompet, Stella A1 - Tsafantakis, Emmanouil A1 - Tuomilehto, Jaakko A1 - Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne A1 - Tyrer, Jonathan P A1 - Uher, Rudolf A1 - André G Uitterlinden A1 - Uusitupa, Matti A1 - Laan, Sander W A1 - Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Leeuwen, Nienke A1 - van Setten, Jessica A1 - Vanhala, Mauno A1 - Varbo, Anette A1 - Varga, Tibor V A1 - Varma, Rohit A1 - Digna R Velez Edwards A1 - Vermeulen, Sita H A1 - Veronesi, Giovanni A1 - Vestergaard, Henrik A1 - Vitart, Veronique A1 - Vogt, Thomas F A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Vuckovic, Dragana A1 - Wagenknecht, Lynne E A1 - Walker, Mark A1 - Wallentin, Lars A1 - Wang, Feijie A1 - Wang, Carol A A1 - Wang, Shuai A1 - Wang, Yiqin A1 - Erin B Ware A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Warren, Helen R A1 - Dawn M Waterworth A1 - Wessel, Jennifer A1 - White, Harvey D A1 - Willer, Cristen J A1 - Wilson, James G A1 - Daniel Witte A1 - Andrew R Wood A1 - Wu, Ying A1 - Yaghootkar, Hanieh A1 - Yao, Jie A1 - Yao, Pang A1 - Laura M Yerges-Armstrong A1 - Young, Robin A1 - Zeggini, Eleftheria A1 - Zhan, Xiaowei A1 - Zhang, Weihua A1 - Wei Zhao A1 - Zhou, Wei A1 - Krina T Zondervan A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Pospisilik, John A A1 - Fernando Rivadeneira A1 - Ingrid B Borecki A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Timothy M Frayling A1 - Lettre, Guillaume A1 - Kari E North A1 - Lindgren, Cecilia M A1 - Joel N Hirschhron A1 - Ruth J F Loos AB -

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >250 loci for body mass index (BMI), implicating pathways related to neuronal biology. Most GWAS loci represent clusters of common, noncoding variants from which pinpointing causal genes remains challenging. Here we combined data from 718,734 individuals to discover rare and low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5%) coding variants associated with BMI. We identified 14 coding variants in 13 genes, of which 8 variants were in genes (ZBTB7B, ACHE, RAPGEF3, RAB21, ZFHX3, ENTPD6, ZFR2 and ZNF169) newly implicated in human obesity, 2 variants were in genes (MC4R and KSR2) previously observed to be mutated in extreme obesity and 2 variants were in GIPR. The effect sizes of rare variants are ~10 times larger than those of common variants, with the largest effect observed in carriers of an MC4R mutation introducing a stop codon (p.Tyr35Ter, MAF = 0.01%), who weighed ~7 kg more than non-carriers. Pathway analyses based on the variants associated with BMI confirm enrichment of neuronal genes and provide new evidence for adipocyte and energy expenditure biology, widening the potential of genetically supported therapeutic targets in obesity.

VL - 50 IS - 1 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29273807?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height. JF - Nature Y1 - 2017 A1 - Marouli, Eirini A1 - Graff, Mariaelisa A1 - Medina-Gomez, Carolina A1 - Ken Sin Lo A1 - Andrew R Wood A1 - Kjaer, Troels R A1 - Fine, Rebecca S A1 - Lu, Yingchang A1 - Schurmann, Claudia A1 - Highland, Heather M A1 - Rüeger, Sina A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar A1 - Justice, Anne E A1 - Lamparter, David A1 - Kathleen E Stirrups A1 - Turcot, Valérie A1 - Young, Kristin L A1 - Thomas W Winkler A1 - Tõnu Esko A1 - Karaderi, Tugce A1 - Locke, Adam E A1 - Masca, Nicholas G D A1 - Ng, Maggie C Y A1 - Mudgal, Poorva A1 - Rivas, Manuel A A1 - Vedantam, Sailaja A1 - Mahajan, Anubha A1 - Guo, Xiuqing A1 - Gonçalo R Abecasis A1 - Aben, Katja K A1 - Adair, Linda S A1 - Alam, Dewan S A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Allin, Kristine H A1 - Matthew A. Allison A1 - Amouyel, Philippe A1 - Appel, Emil V A1 - Arveiler, Dominique A1 - Asselbergs, Folkert W A1 - Auer, Paul L A1 - Balkau, Beverley A1 - Banas, Bernhard A1 - Bang, Lia E A1 - Benn, Marianne A1 - Bergmann, Sven A1 - Bielak, Lawrence F A1 - Blüher, Matthias A1 - Boeing, Heiner A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Böger, Carsten A A1 - Bonnycastle, Lori L A1 - Bork-Jensen, Jette A1 - Bots, Michiel L A1 - Erwin P Bottinger A1 - Bowden, Donald W A1 - Brandslund, Ivan A1 - Breen, Gerome A1 - Brilliant, Murray H A1 - Broer, Linda A1 - Burt, Amber A A1 - Adam S Butterworth A1 - Carey, David J A1 - Caulfield, Mark J A1 - Chambers, John C A1 - Daniel I Chasman A1 - Yii-Der I Chen A1 - Chowdhury, Rajiv A1 - Cramer Christensen A1 - Chu, Audrey Y A1 - Cocca, Massimiliano A1 - Collins, Francis S A1 - Cook, James P A1 - Corley, Janie A1 - Jordi Corominas Galbany A1 - Cox, Amanda J A1 - Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel A1 - Danesh, John A1 - Gail Davies A1 - de Bakker, Paul I W A1 - de Borst, Gert J A1 - de Denus, Simon A1 - de Groot, Mark C H A1 - de Mutsert, Renée A1 - Ian J Deary A1 - George Dedoussis A1 - Ellen W Demerath A1 - Anneke I den Hollander A1 - Joe G Dennis A1 - Di Angelantonio, Emanuele A1 - Drenos, Fotios A1 - Du, Mengmeng A1 - Dunning, Alison M A1 - Easton, Douglas F A1 - Ebeling, Tapani A1 - Edwards, Todd L A1 - Ellinor, Patrick T A1 - Elliott, Paul A1 - Evangelou, Evangelos A1 - Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni A1 - Jessica Faul A1 - Feitosa, Mary F A1 - Feng, Shuang A1 - Ferrannini, Ele A1 - Marco M Ferrario A1 - Ferrières, Jean A1 - Florez, Jose C A1 - Ford, Ian A1 - Myriam Fornage A1 - Franks, Paul W A1 - Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth A1 - Galesloot, Tessel E A1 - Gan, Wei A1 - Gandin, Ilaria A1 - Paolo P. Gasparini A1 - Giedraitis, Vilmantas A1 - Giri, Ayush A1 - Giorgia G Girotto A1 - Gordon, Scott D A1 - Gordon-Larsen, Penny A1 - Gorski, Mathias A1 - Grarup, Niels A1 - Grove, Megan L A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Gustafsson, Stefan A1 - Hansen, Torben A1 - Kathleen Mullan Harris A1 - Tamara B Harris A1 - Andrew T Hattersley A1 - Caroline Hayward A1 - He, Liang A1 - Iris M Heid A1 - Heikkilä, Kauko A1 - Helgeland, Øyvind A1 - Hernesniemi, Jussi A1 - Hewitt, Alex W A1 - Lynne J Hocking A1 - Hollensted, Mette A1 - Oddgeir L Holmen A1 - Hovingh, G Kees A1 - Howson, Joanna M M A1 - Hoyng, Carel B A1 - Huang, Paul L A1 - Hveem, Kristian A1 - Mohammed Arfan Ikram A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Jackson, Anne U A1 - Jansson, Jan-Håkan A1 - Jarvik, Gail P A1 - Jensen, Gorm B A1 - Jhun, Min A A1 - Jia, Yucheng A1 - Jiang, Xuejuan A1 - Johansson, Stefan A1 - Jørgensen, Marit E A1 - Jørgensen, Torben A1 - Jousilahti, Pekka A1 - Jukema, J Wouter A1 - Kahali, Bratati A1 - Kahn, René S A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Kamstrup, Pia R A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Kaprio, Jaakko A1 - Karaleftheri, Maria A1 - Sharon L R Kardia A1 - Karpe, Fredrik A1 - Kee, Frank A1 - Keeman, Renske A1 - Lambertus A Kiemeney A1 - Kitajima, Hidetoshi A1 - Kluivers, Kirsten B A1 - Kocher, Thomas A1 - Komulainen, Pirjo A1 - Kontto, Jukka A1 - Kooner, Jaspal S A1 - Charles Kooperberg A1 - Kovacs, Peter A1 - Kriebel, Jennifer A1 - Kuivaniemi, Helena A1 - Küry, Sébastien A1 - Kuusisto, Johanna A1 - La Bianca, Martina A1 - Laakso, Markku A1 - Lakka, Timo A A1 - Lange, Ethan M A1 - Leslie A Lange A1 - Langefeld, Carl D A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Eric B Larson A1 - Lee, I-Te A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Lewis, Cora E A1 - Li, Huaixing A1 - Li, Jin A1 - Li-Gao, Ruifang A1 - Lin, Honghuang A1 - Lin, Li-An A1 - Lin, Xu A1 - Lars Lind A1 - Lindström, Jaana A1 - Linneberg, Allan A1 - Liu, Yeheng A1 - Yongmei Liu A1 - Lophatananon, Artitaya A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Lubitz, Steven A A1 - Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka A1 - Mackey, David A A1 - Pamela A F Madden A1 - Alisa Manning A1 - Männistö, Satu A1 - Marenne, Gaëlle A1 - Marten, Jonathan A1 - Nicholas G Martin A1 - Mazul, Angela L A1 - Meidtner, Karina A1 - Andres Metspalu A1 - Mitchell, Paul A1 - Mohlke, Karen L A1 - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori A1 - Morgan, Anna A1 - Morris, Andrew D A1 - Morris, Andrew P A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Michael A Nalls A1 - Nauck, Matthias A1 - Nelson, Christopher P A1 - Neville, Matt A1 - Sune Fallgaard Nielsen A1 - Nikus, Kjell A1 - Njølstad, Pål R A1 - Børge G Nordestgaard A1 - Ntalla, Ioanna A1 - Jeff O'Connell A1 - Oksa, Heikki A1 - Loes M Olde Loohuis A1 - Ophoff, Roel A A1 - Owen, Katharine R A1 - Packard, Chris J A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh A1 - Palmer, Colin N A A1 - Pasterkamp, Gerard A1 - Patel, Aniruddh P A1 - Pattie, Alison A1 - Pedersen, Oluf A1 - Peissig, Peggy L A1 - Peloso, Gina M A1 - Pennell, Craig E A1 - Markus Perola A1 - Perry, James A A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Person, Thomas N A1 - Pirie, Ailith A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Posthuma, Danielle A1 - Olli T Raitakari A1 - Rasheed, Asif A1 - Rauramaa, Rainer A1 - Reilly, Dermot F A1 - Reiner, Alex P A1 - Renstrom, Frida A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Rioux, John D A1 - Neil R Robertson A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Rolandsson, Olov A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Ruth, Katherine S A1 - Saleheen, Danish A1 - Veikko Salomaa A1 - Nilesh J Samani A1 - Sandow, Kevin A1 - Sapkota, Yadav A1 - Sattar, Naveed A1 - Schmidt, Marjanka K A1 - Schreiner, Pamela J A1 - Schulze, Matthias B A1 - Scott, Robert A A1 - Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P A1 - Svati H Shah A1 - Sim, Xueling A1 - Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh A1 - Small, Kerrin S A1 - Albert Vernon Smith A1 - Jennifer A Smith A1 - Southam, Lorraine A1 - Timothy Spector A1 - Elizabeth K Speliotes A1 - John M Starr A1 - Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur A1 - Heather M Stringham A1 - Stumvoll, Michael A1 - Surendran, Praveen A1 - 't Hart, Leen M A1 - Tansey, Katherine E A1 - Tardif, Jean-Claude A1 - Kent D Taylor A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Thompson, Deborah J A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Thuesen, Betina H A1 - Tönjes, Anke A1 - Tromp, Gerard A1 - Trompet, Stella A1 - Tsafantakis, Emmanouil A1 - Tuomilehto, Jaakko A1 - Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne A1 - Tyrer, Jonathan P A1 - Uher, Rudolf A1 - André G Uitterlinden A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - van der Laan, Sander W A1 - Van Der Leij, Andries R A1 - Cornelia M van Duijn A1 - van Schoor, Natasja M A1 - van Setten, Jessica A1 - Varbo, Anette A1 - Varga, Tibor V A1 - Varma, Rohit A1 - Digna R Velez Edwards A1 - Vermeulen, Sita H A1 - Vestergaard, Henrik A1 - Vitart, Veronique A1 - Vogt, Thomas F A1 - Vozzi, Diego A1 - Walker, Mark A1 - Wang, Feijie A1 - Wang, Carol A A1 - Wang, Shuai A1 - Wang, Yiqin A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Warren, Helen R A1 - Wessel, Jennifer A1 - Willems, Sara M A1 - Wilson, James G A1 - Daniel Witte A1 - Woods, Michael O A1 - Wu, Ying A1 - Yaghootkar, Hanieh A1 - Yao, Jie A1 - Yao, Pang A1 - Laura M Yerges-Armstrong A1 - Young, Robin A1 - Zeggini, Eleftheria A1 - Zhan, Xiaowei A1 - Zhang, Weihua A1 - Jing Hua Zhao A1 - Wei Zhao A1 - Wei Zhao A1 - Zheng, He A1 - Zhou, Wei A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Boehnke, Michael A1 - Kathiresan, Sekar A1 - McCarthy, Mark I A1 - Willer, Cristen J A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Ingrid B Borecki A1 - Liu, Dajiang J A1 - Kari E North A1 - Heard-Costa, Nancy L A1 - Pers, Tune H A1 - Lindgren, Cecilia M A1 - Oxvig, Claus A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Fernando Rivadeneira A1 - Ruth J F Loos A1 - Timothy M Frayling A1 - Joel N Hirschhron A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Lettre, Guillaume AB -

Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height-increasing alleles of STC2 (giving an increase of 1-2 centimetres per allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 in vitro, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes that are mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (such as ADAMTS3, IL11RA and NOX4) and pathways (such as proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate-to-large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.

VL - 542 IS - 7640 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28146470?dopt=Abstract ER -