%0 Journal Article %J Journal of the American Geriatrics Society %D 2021 %T Longitudinal Association Between Hearing Loss, Vision Loss, Dual Sensory Loss, and Cognitive Decline. %A Ge, Shaoqing %A McConnell, Eleanor S %A Bei Wu %A Pan, Wei %A Dong, XinQi %A Brenda L Plassman %K ADAMS %K Cognitive decline %K Dementia %K Hearing loss %K longitudinal %K vision loss %X

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To better understand the role of sensory loss as a potentially modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline, this study examined cognitive decline in relation to single modality hearing or vision loss and dual sensory loss.

DESIGN: Longitudinal secondary data analysis.

SETTING: The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and its supplement: The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS).

PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged 73 and older (N = 295).

MEASUREMENTS: Hearing loss was defined by an inability to hear sounds of 25 dB at frequencies between 0.5 and 4.0 kHz in either ear. Vision loss was defined as having corrected binocular vision worse than 20/40. Dual sensory loss was defined as having both hearing and vision loss. We used one time point of hearing and vision data objectively measured in ADAMS Wave C (June 2006-May 2008) and five waves of cognitive function data measured by the HRS version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status in HRS (2006-2014). Multilevel mixed models were used.

RESULTS: Among the participants, 271 completed a hearing assessment and 120 had hearing loss; 292 completed a vision assessment and 115 had vision loss; 52 had dual sensory loss. Older adults with hearing loss had a significantly faster rate of cognitive decline as they aged compared to those with normal hearing (β = -0.16, P < .05). No significant association was found between vision loss and the rate of cognitive decline (β = -0.06, P = .41). Older adults who had dual sensory loss likewise had a significantly faster rate of cognitive decline as they age (β = -0.23, P < .05) compared to those with no sensory loss.

CONCLUSION: Older adults with hearing loss and dual sensory loss have faster rates of cognitive decline than those with normal sensory function.

%B Journal of the American Geriatrics Society %V 69 %P 644-650 %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1111/jgs.16933 %0 Journal Article %J Alzheimers Dement %D 2011 %T Reducing case ascertainment costs in U.S. population studies of Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and cognitive impairment-Part 1. %A David R Weir %A Robert B Wallace %A Kenneth M. Langa %A Brenda L Plassman %A Robert S Wilson %A David A Bennett %A Duara, Ranjan %A Loewenstein, David %A Ganguli, Mary %A Sano, Mary %K Aging %K Algorithms %K Alzheimer disease %K Cognition Disorders %K Community Health Planning %K Cost-Benefit Analysis %K Dementia %K Health Surveys %K Humans %K Internet %K Reproducibility of Results %K United States %X

Establishing methods for ascertainment of dementia and cognitive impairment that are accurate and also cost-effective is a challenging enterprise. Large population-based studies often using administrative data sets offer relatively inexpensive and reliable estimates of severe conditions including moderate to advanced dementia that are useful for public health planning, but they can miss less severe cognitive impairment which may be the most effective point for intervention. Clinical and epidemiological cohorts, intensively assessed, provide more sensitive detection of less severe cognitive impairment but are often costly. In this article, several approaches to ascertainment are evaluated for validity, reliability, and cost. In particular, the methods of ascertainment from the Health and Retirement Study are described briefly, along with those of the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS). ADAMS, a resource-intense sub-study of the Health and Retirement Study, was designed to provide diagnostic accuracy among persons with more advanced dementia. A proposal to streamline future ADAMS assessments is offered. Also considered are algorithmic and Web-based approaches to diagnosis that can reduce the expense of clinical expertise and, in some contexts, can reduce the extent of data collection. These approaches are intended for intensively assessed epidemiological cohorts where goal is valid and reliable case detection with efficient and cost-effective tools.

%B Alzheimers Dement %I 7 %V 7 %P 94-109 %8 2011 Jan %G eng %U http://mgetit.lib.umich.edu/sfx_local?ctx_enc=info 3Aofi 2Fenc 3AUTF-8;ctx_id=10_1;ctx_tim=2011-03-28T16 3A26 3A0EDT;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004;rfr_id=info 3Asid 2Fsfxit.com 3Acitation;rft.genre=article;rft_id=info 3Apmid 2F21255747;rft_val_fmt=info 3Aofi 2Ffmt %N 1 %L newpubs20110328_Weir.pdf %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21255747?dopt=Abstract %2 PMC3044596 %4 Alzheimers disease/Dementia/Mild cognitive impairment/Cognitive impairment not dementia/Diagnostic algorithms/Cognition/Epidemiology/Screening/Technology/Education/Ethnicity %$ 24600 %R 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.11.004