The Impact of Obesity and Frailty Indicators on Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Findings from Machine Learning-Based Prediction

Cognitive decline is a major public health concern. While obesity and frailty are known risk factors, the
relationships are often non-linear and complex. Traditional linear models may fail to capture the intricate
interactions between diverse obesity phenotypes, physical function, and cognitive aging. This study aims
to identify the non-linear patterns and key predictors of cognitive decline using machine learning across
multinational cohorts.