Financial Hardship and Risk of Incident Diabetic Kidney Disease

Approximately 30.3 million individuals in the United States are affected by diabetes; since the 1980s, there has been a rise in the prevalence of diabetes, accompanied by a rise in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). DKD affects ~40% of those with diabetes, putting them at increased risk of cardiovascular disease and progression to end-stage kidney disease. There are also associations between DKD and increased healthcare costs and risk of mortality.