Linking chronic stress to insomnia symptoms in older adults: The role of stress co-occurrence during the pandemic.

TitleLinking chronic stress to insomnia symptoms in older adults: The role of stress co-occurrence during the pandemic.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2023
AuthorsKuo, W-C, Ersig, AL, Kunkul, F, Brown, RL, Oakley, LD
JournalResearch in Nursing & Health
Volume46
Issue1
Pagination68-79
ISSN Number1098-240X
KeywordsCOVID-19; chronic stress; insomnia symptoms
Abstract

Studies examining the associations of chronic stressors with sleep health in older adults have shown conflicting results. While the COVID-19 pandemic increased perceived stress at the population level, less is known about chronic stressors experienced by older adults in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on sleep health in an aging population. This study aims to examine the association of older adults' chronic stress with insomnia symptoms during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional analysis was performed using early-release COVID-19 data from the Health and Retirement Study. Data on chronic stressors and insomnia symptoms in older adults (N = 2021; mean age = 68.8) were examined. Co-occurrence network analysis, latent class analysis, Rao-Scott χ tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used to characterize the co-occurrence of chronic stressors and associations with insomnia symptoms. The most common co-occurring chronic stressors during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic were self-health issues, family-health issues, and financial stress. Older adults experiencing frequent stress co-occurrence had 91% higher odds of difficulty initiating sleep (p < 0.001), 40% higher odds of frequent nocturnal awakening (p = 0.028), and 83% higher odds of nonrestorative sleep (p < 0.001). However, adjustment for health risk factors and COVID-19 concerns attenuated the effects, leaving strongest association for difficulty initiating sleep (odds ratio = 1.51, p = 0.010). Frequent stress co-occurrence plays an important role linking chronic stress to insomnia symptoms in an aging population. Ongoing research is needed to examine the lingering effects of frequent stress co-occurrence on older adults' sleep health in the post COVID-19 era.

DOI10.1002/nur.22278
Citation Key12829
PubMed ID36445114
PubMed Central IDPMC9839487
Grant List / NH / NIH HHS / United States