Association of the cumulative modified life's Essential 8 score with cognitive change: Results from two longitudinal cohorts.

INTRODUCTION: Although a higher baseline Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score is linked to better cognitive performance and slower decline, it remains unclear whether the cumulative LE8 score is associated with cognitive change in later life.

METHODS: We included 1345 participants from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and 2865 participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). A modified LE8 score was constructed based on sleep, physical activity, smoking, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. The cumulative modified LE8 score was calculated using 8 years of LE8 assessments. The association between cumulative modified LE8 score and cognitive change was examined using the linear mixed model.

RESULTS: Results from the HRS and the ELSA demonstrated general consistency. Pooled analysis showed that a per SD increase in cumulative modified LE8 score was associated with a slower rate of decline in global cognition (pooled Beta=0.089 SD/year), executive function (pooled Beta=0.093 SD/year), memory (pooled Beta=0.050 SD/year), and orientation (pooled Beta=0.040 SD/year).

DISCUSSION: A higher cumulative modified LE8 score was associated with better late-life cognition, highlighting the importance of maintaining long-term optimal cardiovascular health for preventing cognitive decline.