Joint Trajectories of Depression and Cognition and Newonset Osteoporosis Risk: Evidence From Three Large Population-Based Cohorts

Depressive symptoms and cognitive decline frequently co-occur in older adults. However, the impact of their joint longitudinal trajectories on bone health remains unclear. This study aimed to identify synchronized trajectories of depression and cognitive function across three major global aging cohorts and to examine their associations with the risk of new-onset osteoporosis in middle-aged and older adults without diabetes.