Educational inequalities in aging-related declines in fluid cognition and the onset of cognitive pathology.

TitleEducational inequalities in aging-related declines in fluid cognition and the onset of cognitive pathology.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2015
AuthorsClouston, SAP, M. Glymour, M, Terrera, GMuñiz
JournalAlzheimers Dement (Amst)
Volume1
Issue3
Pagination303-310
Date Published2015 Sep 01
ISSN Number2352-8729
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Education has been robustly associated with cognitive reserve and dementia, but not with the rate of cognitive aging, resulting in some confusion about the mechanisms of cognitive aging. This study uses longitudinal data to differentiate between trajectories indicative of healthy versus pathological cognitive aging.

METHODS: Participants included 9,401 Health and Retirement Study respondents aged 55 and older who completed cognitive testing regularly over 17.3 years until most recently in 2012. Individual-specific random change-point modeling was used to identify age of incident pathological decline; acceleration is interpreted as indicating likely onset of pathological decline when it is significant and negative.

RESULTS: These methods detect incident dementia diagnoses with specificity/sensitivity of 89.3%/44.3%, 5.6 years prior to diagnosis. Each year of education was associated with 0.09 (95% CI, 0.087-0.096; P<0.001) standard deviation higher baseline cognition and delayed onset of cognitive pathology (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99; P=0.006).

CONCLUSION: Longitudinal random change-point modeling was able to reliably identify incident dementia. Accounting for incident cognitive pathology, we find that education predicts cognitive capability and delayed onset pathological declines.

Notes

Export Date: 9 September 2015

URLhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84939130794andpartnerID=40andmd5=218306a4a3716a17f4bc7aca7963272c
DOI10.1016/j.dadm.2015.06.001
User Guide Notes

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26309906?dopt=Abstract

Endnote Keywords

Aging/Cognitive reserve/Dementia/Educational status/Neurology/Social medicine

Endnote ID

999999

Alternate JournalAlzheimers Dement (Amst)
Citation Key8169
PubMed ID26309906
PubMed Central IDPMC4542007
Grant ListP01 AG043362 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States
R01 AG049953 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States
U01 AG009740 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States